附物权担保债权人的执行选择权问题探讨

发布时间：2018-05-17 21:16

本文选题：担保物权 + 担保财产　；参考：《法学家》2017年04期

【摘要】：附物权担保的债权人实现其债权时是须先以担保财产受偿抑或得自由选择债务人的非担保财产受偿的问题,学说与立法例上存在"先行主义"与"选择主义"之争。从法理和我国的既有规定及司法实践情况来看,宜采"限制型选择主义"的立场:除当事人另有约定外,在并无其他债权人或债务人的财产足以清偿全部债务时,附物权担保的债权人得自由行使选择权;在"实现担保物权案件的特别程序"中及单纯发生"当事人约定的实现担保物权的情形"时,应仅限于就担保财产主张权利。在债务人资不抵债的情况下,应适用破产清算程序或者参与分配程序,其选择权附有严格的条件而不得自由行使。担保人为债务人之外的第三人时,债权人无权选择执行第三人的非担保财产。
[Abstract]:When the creditor with an interest in security realizes his creditor's rights, the question of whether the secured property should be compensated or the non-secured property of the debtor be freely chosen is a problem. There is a dispute between "antecedents" and "selectionism" in doctrine and legislation. From the point of view of the legal theory and the existing regulations and judicial practice of our country, it is advisable to adopt the position of "restricted selectivism": unless the parties agree otherwise, when there is no other creditor or debtor's property sufficient to pay off all the debts, Creditors with interest in security may freely exercise the right of option; in "special procedures for the realization of security interests" and in the case of "the realization of security interests agreed by the parties", it should be limited to claiming rights in respect of secured property. In the case of insolvent debtors, bankruptcy liquidation proceedings or participation in distribution proceedings shall be applied, and the option shall be subject to strict conditions and shall not be freely exercised. When the guarantor is a third party other than the debtor, the creditor has no right to execute the third party's unsecured property.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学法学院;
【基金】：北京市社会科学基金项目(14FXB006)“金融担保创新中的疑难法律问题研究” 中央高校基本科研业务费项目“新类型担保法律问题研究”的阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：D922.291.92;D923.2

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