航空承运人滥用拒载权的法律规制

发布时间：2018-05-21 03:26

本文选题：拒载权 + 航空安全　；参考：《法律科学(西北政法大学学报)》2015年04期

【摘要】：航空承运人的拒载权作为法定权利,存在滥用风险。认定拒载权的滥用,要平衡拒载权保护的利益和相对方旅客的乘机自由。拒载权应保护的利益是航空安全及机上公序良俗。在危及或可能危及航空安全时,严重或极可能严重违背公序良俗时,方能行使拒载权。在判断可能危及航空安全时,机长既要判断旅客违规行为与航空安全事故间的因果关系成立,也要判断旅客表现与实施危及航空安全的违规行为间的因果关系成立。机长在决定是否拒载时所依赖的信息可以是有限的,甚至是没有经过调查核实的,其依赖现有信息对因果关系作出的判断可以有合理程度的瑕疵。承运人在特定情形应对违规旅客尽警示义务。机长或其他机组成员只有在具有故意或重大过失时,才与承运人承担连带责任。
[Abstract]:As a legal right, the air carrier's right of rejection has the risk of abuse. To determine the abuse of the right of rejection, we should balance the interests of the protection of the right of refusal of carriage and the freedom of passengers on the opposite side of the plane. The right of rejection should protect the interests of aviation safety and good public order on board. The right of refusal may only be exercised when aviation safety is or is likely to be endangered or seriously contrary to public order and good customs. In judging the possibility of endangering aviation safety, the pilot should judge the causality between the passenger violation and the aviation safety accident, as well as the causality between the passenger performance and the aviation safety violation. The captain may rely on limited or even unchecked information in deciding whether to reject it, and his reliance on existing information can have a reasonable degree of blemish in the judgment of causality. The carrier shall, in specific circumstances, perform a duty of warning to the offending passenger. The captain or other crew member shall be jointly and severally liable with the carrier only in the event of intentional or gross negligence.
【作者单位】：中国民航大学法学院;
【基金】：中国民航大学中央高校人文社科项目(3122014F001) 中央高校预研重大项目(3122013P010) 宁波大学人文社会科学培育项目(XPYB13006)
【分类号】：D922.296

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