汽车销售4S模式反垄断法规制研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 18:25

本文选题：汽车消费市场 + 4S模式　；参考：《江西财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车产业体现着国家工业发展的水平,它的良性发展能够有效促进国家经济的腾飞,随着科技的进步,汽车文化已经融入我们的日常生活。汽车服务作为整个汽车服务行业的核心而倍受人们关注。汽车销售4S的经营模式进入中国市场已有十余载,其对于推动中国汽车市场的成型、发展有着不可磨灭的功劳。但相比于发达国家的百年汽车发展历史,我国汽车市场依旧属于起步阶段,尚未成熟,正因如此,我国汽车销售4S模式在获得认可的同时也伴随着不小的争议。我国汽车销售4S模式在制度设立之初,对于提升汽车品牌价值、促进汽车消费、提高客户忠诚度方面起着关键的作用。但随着2005年《汽车品牌销售管理实施办法》的出台,汽车消费市场主体间的不平衡性加剧,汽车厂商在产业链中逐渐成为更为强势的一方,通过实施纵向垄断协议的方式控制着汽车的销售市场,同时,侵犯了经销商与消费者的合法权益。这种模式也限制了汽车市场的有效竞争,对汽车行业的长远发展产生了消极影响。随着我国《反垄断法》于2008年颁布实施,对于汽车4S模式下存在的限制竞争行为理应由该法进行规制,但由于目前法律颁布时间尚短,制度设计中尚存一些不完善之处而使行为不能得到有效规制。对于此,笔者认为有必要借鉴法律制度更为发达的国外,诸多发达国家对于汽车行业的反垄断法律规制手段都可以作为我国汽车反垄断法律完善的参考。具体而言,有美国对于限制竞争行为的“本身违法与合理”分析原则、欧盟对于垄断市场比例的“安全港”制度、日本对于“不公正交易”的单独规制等。目前我国对于汽车4S模式垄断行为的规制中,《反垄断法》立法本身存在缺陷;《汽车品牌销售管理实施办法》加剧了市场中的主体失衡;相关的执法机构与反垄断委员会的职能不明,令本身就存在价值冲突的垄断行为规制更加难以实施。对此,上述域外的宝贵经验就成为改变目前立法与执法上的不完善、真正落实《反垄断法》的重要参考因素。对于我国汽车市场4S模式规制乱象频出的法律现状,可以从以下几个方面加以完善:首先,应当对《汽车品牌销售管理实施办法》做进一步完善,改变其对市场主体的不平衡规范;其次,应当出台具体的《反垄断法》实施细则,令垄断规制落到实处;再次,可以建立反垄断判例借鉴制度,对反垄断权利救济困境做进一步解决;最后,应当鼓励私人参与到反垄断诉讼之中来,使受到垄断行为侵害的主体的合法权利得到及时保护。
[Abstract]:Automobile industry reflects the level of national industrial development, its benign development can effectively promote the rapid development of national economy. With the progress of science and technology, automobile culture has been integrated into our daily life. As the core of the whole automobile service industry, automobile service has attracted people's attention. The 4S mode of automobile sales has been in Chinese market for more than ten years, which is an indelible credit for promoting the formation and development of China's auto market. But compared with the history of automobile development in developed countries, the automobile market of our country is still in the initial stage and not yet mature. Because of this, the 4S model of automobile sales in our country has been recognized and accompanied with a lot of controversy at the same time. At the beginning of the establishment of the system, the 4S model of automobile sales in China plays a key role in promoting the value of automobile brand, promoting automobile consumption and improving customer loyalty. However, with the introduction of the "implementing measures of Automobile Brand sales Management" in 2005, the imbalance between the main bodies of the automobile consumption market has intensified, and automobile manufacturers have gradually become a more powerful party in the industrial chain. Through the implementation of vertical monopoly agreement, it controls the sales market of automobile and infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of dealers and consumers. This mode also limits the effective competition of the automobile market, and has a negative impact on the long-term development of the automobile industry. With the promulgation and implementation of our country's Anti-monopoly Law in 2008, the restrictive competition behavior under the 4S mode of automobile should be regulated by this law, but the time of promulgation of the law is still short. There are still some imperfections in the system design which make the behavior unable to be regulated effectively. For this, I think it is necessary to draw lessons from the more developed legal system of foreign countries, many developed countries for the auto industry anti-monopoly legal regulation means can be used as a reference for the perfection of anti-monopoly laws in China. Specifically, there are the principles of "illegality and reasonableness" in the United States, the "safe harbor" system in the proportion of monopolized markets in the European Union and the separate regulation of "unfair transactions" in Japan. At present, there are defects in the legislation of "Anti-monopoly Law" in the regulation of the monopolistic behavior of 4S mode in China, and the implementing method of Automobile Brand sales Management intensifies the imbalance of the main body in the market. The function of the relevant law enforcement agencies and antitrust committees is not clear, which makes it more difficult to enforce the monopoly behavior which has value conflict. In view of this, the valuable experience mentioned above has become an important reference factor to change the imperfections of current legislation and law enforcement and to truly implement the Anti-monopoly Law. The current legal situation of 4S model of automobile market in our country can be improved from the following aspects: first, we should further perfect the measures of Automobile Brand sales Management. To change its unbalanced norms for market subjects; secondly, to issue specific detailed rules for the implementation of the Anti-monopoly Law so that monopoly regulations can be put into practice; thirdly, an antitrust precedent system can be established and used for reference. Finally, private participation in antitrust litigation should be encouraged to protect the legitimate rights of the subject who has been infringed by monopoly action.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.294

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