机场管理人安全保障义务研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 06:33

本文选题：机场管理人 + 安全保障义务　；参考：《中国民航大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着《民用机场管理条例》的颁布以及机场的属地化完成,机场成为独立法人,机场管理人要承担安全保障义务,根据义务性质的不同,分为一般安全保障义务即法定义务和特别的安全保障义务即合同义务。机场其管理人要对旅客和其他合法进入机场的人员承担法定的确保其生命财产安全的保障义务,违反该义务时承担过错推定责任,而举证责任要由对机场更为熟悉的管理人承担。当旅客等在机场内因第三人侵权引起损害时,机场管理人要承担一定的补充责任。对使用机场的另一大主体航空承运人,机场管理人要承担相应确保各项设施环境良好,对进入机场的人和物进行危险控制的合同义务和法定保障义务,并承担相应的过错责任,判断过错采取的是客观标准理论。对于非旅客合法进入机场的人员,基于这些人员被默许进入机场的情形以及对于机场安全的充分信赖,机场管理人要对其承担同旅客相同的安全保障义务。对于非法侵入的人员,机场管理人对其负有区别于合法进入者的安全保障义务,要在区分成年与未成年的基础上承担侵权责任。现阶段,我国对机场管理人的安全保障义务的立法制度建设方面存在义务主体、举证责任不明确,以及机场管理人承担补充责任制度缺乏依据等不足,要从法律的角度明确各项制度,以期更好地解决实践问题。机场管理人未尽到安全保障义务时,应按照过错责任的归责原则,并按照客观标准判断机场管理人的过错,承担侵权责任,该责任同时包括在第三人侵入时的补充责任。
[Abstract]:With the promulgation of the regulations on Civil Airport Administration and the completion of the localization of the airport, the airport becomes an independent legal person, and the airport administrator has to bear the obligation of safety and security, depending on the nature of the obligation. It is divided into general security obligation, that is, legal obligation and special security obligation, namely contract obligation. The administrator of the airport shall assume the statutory obligation to ensure the safety of his life and property to passengers and other persons lawfully entering the airport, and shall bear the presumption of fault when the obligation is violated, The burden of proof rests with managers who are more familiar with the airport. When passengers are in the airport due to the third party infringement damage, the airport administrator should bear certain supplementary liability. For another major air carrier who uses the airport, the airport administrator shall bear the contractual obligation and the legal protection obligation to ensure that the facilities are in good condition, to carry out dangerous control over the persons and objects entering the airport, and to bear the corresponding fault liability. The judgment of fault is based on objective standard theory. For persons who enter the airport legally by non-passengers, the airport administrator should assume the same security obligations as the passengers on the basis of their tacit permission to enter the airport and their full trust in airport security. For the trespassing personnel, the airport administrator has the duty of security which is different from the legal entrant, and should bear the tort liability on the basis of distinguishing the adult from the minor. At the present stage, there are some shortcomings in the legislative system construction of airport administrator's security obligation in our country, such as the obligation subject, the unclear burden of proof, and the lack of basis for the airport administrator to assume the supplementary responsibility system. In order to solve the problem of practice better, we should clarify the system from the angle of law. When the airport manager fails to fulfill his duty of safety and security, he should judge the fault of the airport manager according to the principle of fault liability and the objective standard, and bear the tort liability, which includes the supplementary liability when the third party invades.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.296

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