金融不良债权转让效力问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 02:34

本文选题：合同 + 金融不良债权　；参考：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：金融不良债权转让的效力问题是金融不良债权转让研究的核心;金融不良债权转让又是金融不良债权处置的重要方式,因此金融不良债权转让效力是金融不良债权处置的核心。在金融不良债权转让纠纷频发、争议焦点复杂的大背景下,我国并未形成金融不良债权转让效力的系统理论,在司法实践中存在法律适用难点。金融不良债权转让作为特殊的债权转让,具备债权转让的一般要件,又具备特殊的效力要件。文章结合债权转让一般学说以及金融不良债权转让方面的特殊规制,对金融不良债权转让效力展开深入探讨。文章以金融不良债权转让效力一般理论入手。阐述债权和债权转让的关系,明确金融不良债权的范围以及金融不良债权转让效力的定义,从金融不良债权转让的特点说明金融不良债权与一般债权转让的区别,进而分析不良债权转让的效力既受一般债权转让效力的影响也要受国家金融不良债权转让相关规定的特殊规制。其次,从市场交易秩序和国有资产保护两个方面,列举了具体因素对转让效力的影响:在市场交易秩序原则下,不良债权交易的价款是市场化的产物,与不良债权转让效力并无影响;在全面放开不良债权转让的背景下应该承认向社会投资者不良债权转让的效力;金融不良债权转让合同中双方的特约条款相关规定已明确其效力,参照日本法禁止转让特约效力学说,金融不良债权转让合同中对于特约条款效力还应考虑到善意第三人的利益,维护交易秩序。在国有资产保护原则下,国家机关为债务人或者担保人情形不应一概认定不良债权转让无效;不良债权中优先购买权对合同效力的影响,列举了司法实践中所产生的混乱,明确地方政府等国有主体优先购买权对不良债权转让效力的影响,而国有债务人优先购买权不会对不良债权转让效力产生影响。最后,结合影响不良债权转让效力相关因素从社会投资者不良债权转让的司法支持、建立国家统一的资产交易平台、完善资产评估体系、规范不良债权转让监督机制四个方面完善金融不良债权的转让。
[Abstract]:The problem of the effectiveness of the transfer of financial non-performing claims is the core of the research on the transfer of financial non-performing claims, and the transfer of financial non-performing claims is an important way to deal with financial non-performing claims, so the transfer effect of financial non-performing claims is the core of the disposal of financial non-performing claims. Under the background of frequent disputes over the transfer of financial non-performing creditor's rights and complex dispute focus, China has not formed a systematic theory of the transfer effect of financial non-performing creditor's rights, and there are difficulties in the application of the law in judicial practice. As a special assignment of creditor's rights, the transfer of financial non-performing creditor's rights has the general elements of the assignment of creditor's rights and the special elements of validity. Combined with the general theory of transfer of creditor's rights and the special regulation on the transfer of non-performing financial claims, this paper makes an in-depth discussion on the transfer effect of financial non-performing claims. This article starts with the general theory of the transfer effect of financial non-performing creditor's rights. This paper expounds the relationship between creditor's rights and assignment of creditor's rights, clarifies the scope of financial bad claims and the definition of the validity of transfer of financial bad claims, and explains the difference between financial bad claims and general assignment of creditor's rights from the characteristics of the transfer of financial bad claims. Then it analyzes that the validity of the transfer of non-performing creditor's rights is affected not only by the transfer effect of general creditor's rights, but also by the special regulation of the relevant provisions of national financial non-performing creditor's rights transfer. Secondly, from the two aspects of market transaction order and the protection of state-owned assets, the paper lists the influence of specific factors on the transfer effectiveness: under the principle of market transaction order, the price of non-performing creditor's rights transaction is the product of marketization. Under the background of liberalizing the transfer of non-performing creditor's rights in an all-round way, the validity of the transfer of non-performing creditor's rights to social investors should be recognized. The relevant provisions of the special clauses of both parties in the contract for the transfer of financial non-performing creditor's rights have made its effect clear, referring to the doctrine of the prohibition of the transfer of a special contract under Japanese law, In the transfer contract of financial non-performing creditor's rights, the effect of special clause should also take into account the interests of bona fide third party and maintain the order of transaction. Under the principle of the protection of state-owned assets, the case that the state organ is the debtor or guarantor should not always consider that the transfer of non-performing creditor's rights is invalid; the influence of preferential purchase right in non-performing creditor's rights on the effectiveness of the contract is enumerated, and the confusion in judicial practice is enumerated. It is clear that the preemptive right of the local government and other state-owned entities has an impact on the transfer effect of the bad creditor's rights, while the prior purchase right of the state-owned debtor will not have an effect on the transfer effect of the bad creditor's rights. Finally, according to the relevant factors affecting the transfer effectiveness of non-performing creditor's rights, from the judicial support of social investors' transfer of non-performing claims, to establish a unified national asset trading platform, and improve the asset evaluation system. Standardize the supervision mechanism of the transfer of non-performing creditor's rights and improve the transfer of financial non-performing claims in four aspects.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.6;D922.28

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