论第三方支付的法律监管

发布时间：2018-06-25 20:13

本文选题：第三方支付 + 运行模式　；参考：《河北大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：21世纪后,互联网科技的发展突飞猛进。与此同时,以电子商务为主要形式的互联网金融伴随互联网的发展而崛起,第三方电子支付作为电子商务资金流转的中流砥柱应运而生;第三方支付机构为买卖双方提供支付中介服务进行收、付款行为,从而促成电子商务的交易;第三方支付的运行建立在支付通道模式、直付型虚拟账户模式和信用中介型虚拟账户模式之上;第三方支付机构所提供的支付服务在不同运行模式下有不同性质的法律定位;第三方支付中涉及诸多法律关系,包括第三方支付机构与买卖双方的法律关系、第三方支付机构与银行的法律关系。梳理这些法律性质,剖析我国第三方支付市场发展的不足和我国立法的不完善,是本文提出监管建议的依据。在域外,美国和欧盟对第三方支付的立法较为完备,规范较为详细,并得到了有效贯彻执行,对我国第三方支付的法律监管的完善提供重要借鉴。它们严格限制市场准入资格;结合动态监管与全面监管;规定了市场退出程序;全方位监管客户备付金;强调消费者权益保障;强调加强监管与支持创新并重的原则。美国和欧盟的监管给予我国重要启示,如完善第三方支付立法体系、建立客户备付金制度和加强消费者权益保护。我国现有立法体系以行政规章为主,立法内容侧重主体监管,整体而言立法较为分散、凌乱;第三方支付平台存在诸多法律问题:第三方支付机构被定义为非金融机构,规避了其涉及金融功能的事实;客户备付金监管不力;缺少消费者权益保护;缺失对洗钱犯罪的监管。因此,亟需优化我国电子支付行业的法律环境,完善我国法律监管制度,引导并规范第三方电子支付服务的发展,加快信息时代的金融生态建设。综上所述,需要在结合我国第三方支付发展实际并充分借鉴外国做法的基础上,明确我国监管目标和原则,构建以中国人民银行为监管主体,以商业银行的协作监督为基础,以支付机构行业的自律为手段,以广泛的社会公众监督为补充的监管组织结构,完善对客户备付金、消费者保护不足及反洗钱行为的监管,并规范市场准入环节、日常经营环节、市场退出环节的监管措施。
[Abstract]:After 21 st century, the development of Internet science and technology is advancing by leaps and bounds. At the same time, with the development of the Internet, the third party electronic payment as the mainstay of the circulation of e-commerce funds emerges as the main form of Internet finance. Third-party payment institutions provide payment intermediary services for buyers and sellers to receive and pay for transactions, thus facilitating e-commerce transactions. The operation of third-party payments is based on the payment channel model. The direct payment virtual account mode and the credit intermediary virtual account mode; the payment service provided by the third party payment organization has different legal position under the different operation mode; the third party payment involves many legal relations. It includes the legal relationship between the third party payment institution and the buyer and seller, and the legal relationship between the third party payment institution and the bank. Combing these legal properties, analyzing the deficiency of our country's third party payment market and the imperfection of our country's legislation are the basis for this article to put forward the supervision suggestion. Abroad, the legislation of third-party payment in the United States and the European Union is relatively complete, the norms are more detailed, and have been effectively implemented, which provides an important reference for the improvement of the legal supervision of third-party payment in China. They strictly restrict market access eligibility; combine dynamic regulation with overall regulation; provide for market exit procedures; fully regulate customer reserves; emphasize consumer protection; and emphasize the principle of both strengthening regulation and supporting innovation. The supervision of the United States and the European Union gives our country important enlightenment, such as perfecting the legislation system of third-party payment, establishing the system of customer reserve and strengthening the protection of consumers' rights and interests. The current legislative system of our country is dominated by administrative rules and regulations, and the content of legislation focuses on the supervision of the subject. On the whole, the legislation is scattered and messy. There are many legal problems in the third-party payment platform: the third-party payment institution is defined as a non-financial institution. It evades the fact that its financial function is involved; the supervision of customer's reserve fund is weak; it lacks the protection of consumer's rights and interests; and it lacks the supervision of money laundering crime. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the legal environment of China's electronic payment industry, perfect our legal supervision system, guide and standardize the development of third-party electronic payment services, and speed up the construction of financial ecology in the information age. To sum up, it is necessary to make clear the objectives and principles of China's supervision on the basis of the actual development of third-party payment in China and to draw full lessons from foreign practices, and to build a cooperative supervision based on the people's Bank of China as the main body of supervision, and on the basis of the cooperative supervision of commercial banks. To take the self-discipline of the payment agency industry as a means, to take extensive public supervision as a supplement to the regulatory organization structure, to improve the supervision of customer reserves, inadequate consumer protection and anti-money laundering, and to standardize market access links, Daily business links, market withdrawal from the link of regulatory measures.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28

【参考文献】