西方国家国有资产监管模式比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-11 10:20

本文选题：国有企业 + 西方国家　；参考：《知与行》2016年04期

【摘要】：国有企业不是社会主义国家独有的,国有企业也广泛存在于资本主义国家。西方国家开办国有企业主要是出于财政性、政治性(及军事性)、经济性(经济调节性)、国家战略需要、发展公用事业履行生存照顾与未来照顾的政府职能以及发挥社会调节职能等目的。为了实现其设立国有企业的目的,西方国家一般都对国有企业采取分类的管理模式。其分类的原因主要有三点:一是市场经济公平竞争的客观要求,以推动市场充分开放竞争;二是基于国资目标的不同定位,以实现不同的国资目标;三是提高管理效率。分类的方式及其依据主要有五点:一是国企设立的方式和根据,二是国企的经营目标,三是国企的市场地位,四是国家参与管理的程度,五是国企的股权构成。在国有资本的管理方式上,西方国家主要采用分层的管理方式,即国家只控制少数的母公司,通过母公司来控制大量的子公司以达到控制的目的,这方面有代表性的主要是英国和新加坡。进而,我国国资国企改革应遵循这样的道路:在国有企业改革方面,应以国有企业不同的功能定位为基础对国有企业进行分类改革与监管;在国有资本改革方面,应以国有资本的不同的分层定位为考量对国有资本进行分层改革与监管。
[Abstract]:State-owned enterprises are not unique to socialist countries, and they also widely exist in capitalist countries. Western countries mainly set up state-owned enterprises out of financial, political (and military), economic (economic adjustment), national strategic needs, To develop public utilities to fulfill the government function of survival care and future care and to play the role of social regulation. In order to realize the goal of establishing state-owned enterprises, the western countries generally adopt the classified management mode to state-owned enterprises. There are three main reasons for its classification: first, the objective requirement of fair competition in the market economy to promote the full opening of the market competition; second, based on the different positioning of the national capital objectives, to achieve different goals of state capital; third, to improve the efficiency of management. There are five main ways and bases of classification: first, the way and basis of the establishment of state-owned enterprises, the second is the operating objectives of state-owned enterprises, the third is the market status of state-owned enterprises, the fourth is the degree of state participation in management, and the fifth is the composition of state-owned enterprises' equity rights. In the management of state-owned capital, the western countries mainly adopt a hierarchical management mode, that is, the state only controls a few parent companies, and through the parent company to control a large number of subsidiaries to achieve the purpose of control. The main representative in this respect is the United Kingdom and Singapore. Furthermore, the reform of state-owned enterprises in China should follow the following road: in the reform of state-owned enterprises, the reform and supervision of state-owned enterprises should be based on the different functional orientation of state-owned enterprises, and the reform of state-owned capital should be based on the reform of state-owned capital. The stratified reform and supervision of state-owned capital should be considered based on the different stratification orientation of state-owned capital.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学法政学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“中国竞争政策研究”(13CFX085)
【分类号】：D912.29

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