混业经营趋势下银行个人理财业务法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 14:52

本文选题：混业经营 + 个人理财业务　；参考：《江西财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国经济的持续增长,人民生活水平随之逐步提升,个人剩余资产的增加日益扩大了居民的理财需求,个人理财业务成为我国银行的一个新的利润增长点。尽管个人理财产品的品种、数量每天都在不断增加,但是与之相适应的法律制度却没有随着理财产品的发展而随之完善。目前我国银行个人理财业务呈现出与保险、证券行业相互融合、交叉经营的混业经营趋势。对于此类混业经营范围内的银行业务,现有的法律体系缺乏统一的、行之有效的监管,这也使得目前各类个人理财业务欺诈行为难以被有效规制。如何完善和统一混业经营趋势下银行业务监管体系,成为规范商业银行个人理财市场的首要任务。对于目前我国商业银行个人理财业务法律监管的不足,本文以工商银行SY分行的典型案例为切入点,通过对该案例分析,我们可以发现目前混业经营模式下的银行个人理财业务发展的实践困境包括发展空间受限、法律关系模糊、信息披露制度不足、自律体系缺失等。鉴于银行的混业经营监管具有现实上的必要性和法理上的可行性。笔者以为,混业经营趋势下的银行个人理财业务法律监管体系,可以从以下几个方面进行构建。其一,在银行监管体制方面,要构建适合混业经营趋势的银行监管体制。由于当前监管机构宏观审慎的监管理念,严重束缚了银行个人理财产品创新的发展,导致市场没有充分的理财产品供消费者进行选择。因而建立宽松的银行个人理财业务监管机制,为银行创新提供适宜的监管条件实属必要。其二,在分辨银行理财行为法律关系方面,要明确个人理财业务中的法律关系。应当将银行个人理财业务中银行与客户之间的权利义务进行合理分配,一方面可有效处理好银行与客户之间的法律关系,另一方面也可以大大降低双方在理财市场中面临的法律风险。其三,从保护客户的知情权方面,完善信息披露制度。银行在向客户介绍理财产品时,要全面、透明以及准确地揭示理财产品的结构以及本金损失等投资风险,令客户全方位地了解其购买的理财产品所承担的风险。最后,从监督的有效性方面,要对银行的个人理财行业自律进行提升,并且完善银行理财人员对于个人投资者的自律规范义务。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous growth of China's economy, people's living standards have been gradually improved, and the increase of personal surplus assets has increasingly expanded the financial needs of residents. Personal finance business has become a new profit growth point of Chinese banks. Although the variety of personal financial products, the number is increasing every day, but the corresponding legal system has not been improved with the development of financial products. At present, the banking personal finance business in our country shows a trend of mixed operation with insurance, securities industry and cross-management. The existing legal system lacks of uniform and effective supervision for the banking business within the scope of such mixed operation, which also makes it difficult to effectively regulate all kinds of personal financial fraud at present. How to perfect and unify the supervision system of banking business under the trend of mixed operation has become the primary task of standardizing the personal finance market of commercial banks. With regard to the deficiency of the legal supervision of personal finance business of commercial banks in our country, this paper takes the typical case of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) sy Branch as the starting point, through the analysis of the case. We can find that the practical difficulties in the development of personal financial services of banks under the current mixed operation mode include limited development space, vague legal relationship, insufficient information disclosure system, lack of self-discipline system, and so on. In view of the bank's mixed operation supervision has the realistic necessity and the legal principle feasibility. The author thinks that the legal supervision system of bank personal finance business under the trend of mixed operation can be constructed from the following aspects. First, in the banking supervision system, we should build a banking regulatory system suitable for the mixed operation trend. Due to the macro-prudential supervision concept of the current regulatory agencies, the development of personal financial products innovation in banks is seriously constrained, resulting in insufficient financial products for consumers to choose from in the market. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a loose supervision mechanism for bank personal finance business and provide appropriate supervision conditions for bank innovation. Secondly, in the aspect of distinguishing the legal relationship of bank financial behavior, we should make clear the legal relationship in personal finance business. The rights and obligations between the bank and the customer should be reasonably distributed in the bank's personal finance business. On the one hand, the legal relationship between the bank and the customer can be effectively handled. On the other hand, it can also greatly reduce the legal risks both sides face in the financial management market. Third, from the protection of the customer's right to know, improve the information disclosure system. When introducing financial products to customers, banks should reveal the investment risks such as the structure of financial products and the loss of principal in a comprehensive, transparent and accurate manner, so that customers can fully understand the risks borne by the financial products they buy. Finally, from the aspect of the effectiveness of supervision, it is necessary to improve the self-discipline of the bank's personal finance industry, and perfect the self-discipline and normative obligation of the bank's financial personnel to the individual investors.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.281;F832.2

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