金融消费ADR机制研究

发布时间：2018-08-10 08:06

【摘要】：近几十年,我国的社会财富不断累积、急遽增长。普通民众的生活质量得到了极大改善,但他们不再满足于已有的财富增值方式。一种跨越时空局限的新型财富配置方式——金融,通过其商品和服务能够实现消费者对未来更大的消费需求,因而受到大家的垂青。与此同时,金融行业与消费者之间的纠纷愈演愈烈。前些年,大众并不认可金融消费者的行为是一种简单消费行为,而是一种纯粹的投资行为。在此种情况下,消费者被视为与金融机构有着相同理性的经济人,在利益冲突的解决中享有同等的实力、地位。但在现实情况下并非如此,金融机构在财富、地位、能力等方面居于天然的优势地位,而消费者与其差距甚大,劣势地位并未改变。因此,消费者的合法权益难以得到有效保护。近来,认为两者之间的争议属于金融消费纠纷,日益受到学者、官方、民众的认同。金融消费纠纷具有多发性、受众广、金额小的性质,目前国内传统纠纷解决机制——协商、调解、仲裁、诉讼,难以发挥有效作用。党的十八大提出要全面深化金融改革,保障金融消费者的合法权益已经提上了议事日程。因此,一种适合金融消费的纠纷处理机制的建设迫在眉睫。域外在此方面早已深入研究并建立了一套行之有效的非诉讼替代性纠纷解决机制——金融消费ADR,其公正、高效、低廉、便捷的特征,受到了很多国家和地区的重视。该机制对于化解我国金融机构和消费者之间的矛盾有着极其重要的借鉴意义。本文试图从英国FOS、美国FINDR DR、台湾FOI、香港FDRC、日本的成熟经验出发,结合本土资源优势,论证完善金融消费ADR在我国的必要性和可行性,以及完善我国金融消费纠纷非诉讼替代性解决机制深入探讨分析。提出成立准官方性质的中国金融消费纠纷解决中心(即FCDRC),以协商、调解、裁决为纠纷处理模式,覆盖金融行业所有消费领域。通过外部纠纷处理机制的建设推动我国金融机构内部解纷机制的完善。文章跨越经济法和民事诉讼法的分界,创造性的将两者结合起来,从实体和程序的角度,并采用实证分析、比较研究、逻辑推理的方法,探索金融消费纠纷解决机制的进一步完善。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, China's social wealth accumulation, rapid growth. The quality of life of ordinary people has been greatly improved, but they are no longer satisfied with the existing ways of increasing wealth. Finance, a new type of wealth allocation method that surmounts the limitation of time and space, can achieve greater consumer demand for the future through its goods and services, so it is favored by everyone. At the same time, the financial industry and consumers between the dispute intensified. In previous years, the public did not agree that financial consumer behavior is a simple consumption behavior, but a pure investment behavior. In this case, consumers are regarded as the same rational economic person as financial institutions, and enjoy the same strength and status in the resolution of conflicts of interest. But in reality this is not the case. Financial institutions occupy a natural advantage in wealth, status, ability, and so on, while consumers are far behind them, and their inferior position has not changed. Therefore, the legitimate rights and interests of consumers are difficult to be effectively protected. Recently, the dispute between the two is increasingly recognized by scholars, officials and the public as a financial and consumption dispute. Financial consumption disputes have the characteristics of multiple, wide audience and small amount of money. At present, the traditional domestic dispute resolution mechanism-negotiation, mediation, arbitration, litigation, is difficult to play an effective role. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to deepen financial reform in an all-round way and to protect the legitimate rights and interests of financial consumers. Therefore, the construction of a dispute settlement mechanism suitable for financial consumption is urgent. In this respect, a set of effective non-litigation alternative dispute resolution mechanism, financial consumption ADR-based, has been studied and established, which is fair, efficient, cheap and convenient, and has been attached great importance to by many countries and regions. This mechanism is of great significance for resolving the contradiction between financial institutions and consumers. This paper attempts to demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of consummating financial consumption ADR in China from the mature experience of UK FOS, US FINDR DRR, Taiwan FOI, Hong Kong FDRC and Japan, and combined with the advantages of local resources. And consummates our country financial consumption dispute non-litigation alternative solution mechanism to probe deeply into the analysis. This paper proposes to set up a quasi-official Chinese financial consumption dispute resolution center (FCDRC),) for negotiation, mediation and adjudication as a dispute resolution model, covering all areas of the financial industry. Through the construction of external dispute settlement mechanism, the internal dispute resolution mechanism of financial institutions in China is improved. The article crosses the boundary of economic law and civil procedure law, creatively combines the two, from the angle of entity and procedure, and adopts the methods of empirical analysis, comparative study and logical reasoning. Explore the further improvement of financial consumption dispute resolution mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28

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