农业科技成果转化融资法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 18:53

【摘要】：我国社会经济已步入工业反哺农业、城市支持农村的全新发展阶段。2015年中央1号文件将推动农业科技创新作为发展现代农业的重要支撑,1农业科技成果转化是农业科技创新的必然要求,是增强农产品竞争力、促进现代农业和农村经济发展的有效保障。然而,当前我国该项转化率并不高,制约其最主要的因素就是资金短缺。因此,以法学为主,辅以经济学、管理学等多学科知识研究农业科技成果转化融资问题具有重要意义。为有效解决农业科技成果转化融资难问题,本研究首先对相关基础理论进行梳理。法学方面运用了农民权益保护理论、利益与利益机制理论;经济学方面运用了信息不对称理论、金融成长周期理论。基于多学科视角,深入剖析农业科技成果转化范畴与特征、农业科技成果转化融资内涵等,为我国农业科技成果转化融资法律问题的解决提供理论支撑。其次,通过对农业科技成果转化基本情况及融资现状的考察,揭示农业科技成果转化融资难问题的根源,主要有农业科研资源分配不合理,知识产权质押融资制度不健全,财税政策落实不到位,信用担保与评价制度缺失等,为解决农业科技成果转化融资难问题指明方向。再次,考察美国、日本和韩国农业科技成果转化融资政策与实践,深入分析各国融资政策选择影响因素及运行绩效,吸纳适合我国国情的经验与教训,包括融资制度与政策的选择需适应国情,增加政府财政资金投入,发挥政策性辅助功能,构建企业信用担保制度,发展多层次资本市场等。最后,提出农业科技成果转化融资法律问题解决对策,一是要健全农业科技成果转化融资法律制度,需改善融资主体制度,调整财税支持制度,完善知识产权质押融资制度等;二是要完善融资支持政策与保障措施,包括提升企业融资能力,强化政府扶持力度,改善转化资金绩效管理,引入风险投资等。本文期许能够为相关立法及政策制定提供有益参考,保障农业科技成果转化获得充足资金。
[Abstract]:China's social economy has stepped into industrial feeding agriculture, The first document of the Central Committee in 2015 will promote agricultural scientific and technological innovation as an important support for the development of modern agriculture. The transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is the inevitable requirement of agricultural scientific and technological innovation and the enhancement of the competitiveness of agricultural products. Promote modern agriculture and the effective guarantee of rural economic development. However, the current conversion rate is not high in China, the most important factor restricting it is the shortage of funds. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the transformation and financing of agricultural scientific and technological achievements with multi-disciplinary knowledge such as law, economics and management. In order to effectively solve the problem of financing the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, this study first combed the relevant basic theory. In law, the theory of protection of farmers' rights and interests and the theory of interest mechanism are applied, and the theory of information asymmetry and the theory of financial growth cycle are used in economics. Based on the multi-disciplinary perspective, this paper deeply analyzes the category and characteristics of the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and the connotation of financing for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, which provides theoretical support for the solution of the legal problems of the transformation and financing of agricultural scientific and technological achievements in China. Secondly, through the investigation of the basic situation of the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements and the present situation of financing, it reveals the root causes of the difficulty of financing the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. The main reasons are unreasonable allocation of agricultural scientific research resources and imperfect system of intellectual property rights pledge financing. The implementation of fiscal and taxation policies and the lack of credit guarantee and evaluation system have pointed out the way to solve the problem of financing the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Thirdly, it examines the financing policies and practices of agricultural science and technology achievements transformation in the United States, Japan and South Korea, analyzes deeply the influencing factors and operational performance of financing policy selection in various countries, and absorbs the experiences and lessons suitable for the national conditions of our country. The selection of financing system and policy should adapt to the national conditions, increase the government's financial investment, give play to the policy auxiliary function, construct the enterprise credit guarantee system, and develop the multi-level capital market, etc. Finally, the author puts forward the countermeasures to solve the legal problems in the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Firstly, it is necessary to improve the legal system of financing for the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, to improve the system of financing subject, to adjust the financial and tax support system, and to perfect the financing system of intellectual property rights pledge. The second is to improve the financing support policy and safeguard measures, including enhancing the financing capacity of enterprises, strengthening government support, improving the management of the performance of transformed funds, introducing venture capital, and so on. This paper hopes to provide a useful reference for the relevant legislation and policy formulation, to ensure the transformation of agricultural science and technology to obtain sufficient funds.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28

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