人身保险合同复效制度研究
发布时间：2018-10-08 08:58
【摘要】：若投保人延期缴纳除首期保费外其他各期保费,合同效力将经保险人催告中止或经过法定期间自动中止,中止后经保险人同意并由申请人补缴保险费后效力恢复。我国《保险法》对复效的构成要件上采取保险人同意模式,保险人掌握着复效的决定权;复效程序上对复效申请设置主体和时间的双重限制,补缴的保险费范围也尚不明确。即使《保险法司法解释三》第8条从复效条件和程序上限制了保险人的同意权,但由于立法的矛盾与疏漏,合同复效制度仍处于甚少适用甚至难以适用的尴尬处境;再者中止与复效规则的性质较为模糊,当事人关于排除该制度的适用或对法律规定的期限、条件等予以变更的约定的效力不明确;关于合同复效的时点,复效后合同是否可以再次适用中止与复效的规则,复效时点对特殊期间的起算有无影响,立法均未给出答案。针对上述问题,首先,必须明确中止与复效规则的性质。作为法律对投保人的兜底救济条款,应认定其为半强制条款,当事人不得作出不利于被保险人的约定。其次,完善合同复效的构成要件。明确保险人的催告责任,限制保险人的同意权,仅于被保险人不符合“一般理性保险人标准”的可保条件时,保险人才可拒绝复效。再次,规范复效申请的程序。扩大复效申请的主体范围,放宽复效申请的时间限制,确立申请人的如实告知义务,明确保险人及时审核的责任并确定应当补缴的保险费范围。最后,弥补法律对复效法律效果的立法空白。统一合同效力恢复的时点,明确复效后的保险合同性质为原合同的继续,可以再次适用中止与复效规则,复效后的宽限期起算不受复效日之影响,不可抗辩期间和自杀免责期间应当自保险合同复效之日重新起算。通过对上述立法上的争议与空白进行不断的探讨,完善人身保险合同复效制度,平衡投保人、被保险人、受益人及保险人的利益,实现制度的社会保障功能,促进保险行业的发展。
[Abstract]:If the applicant deferring the payment of the premium other than the initial premium, the validity of the contract shall be suspended by the insurer or automatically suspended through the statutory period, and the validity of the contract shall be restored after the suspension with the consent of the insurer and the replacement of the premium by the applicant. The insurance law of our country adopts the mode of the insurer's consent to the constitutive elements of the reefficacy, the insurer holds the decision of the reeffect, the double restriction of the subject and the time of the application for the reefficacy in the procedure of the reefficacy, and the scope of the premium paid up is still unclear. Even Article 8 of the "Judicial interpretation of Insurance Law" restricts the insurer's right of consent in terms of the conditions and procedures of revalidity, but because of the contradictions and omissions of the legislation, the system of contract revalidity is still in an awkward situation that is seldom applied or even difficult to apply. Furthermore, the nature of the rules of suspension and repetition is rather vague, and the validity of the agreement to exclude the application of the system or the time limit and conditions stipulated by the law is not clear; the time point of the revalidity of the contract is not clear. Whether the contract can again apply the rules of suspension and effect, whether the time point of reinstatement has an effect on the beginning of a special period, and whether the legislation has not given an answer. To solve the above problems, first of all, it is necessary to clarify the nature of the rule of suspension and repetition. As the legal relief clause for the insured, it should be regarded as a semi-compulsory clause, and the parties should not make an agreement against the insured. Secondly, perfect the constitution of the contract. When the insurant does not meet the insurable condition of "general rational insurer standard", the insurance talent can refuse to retake the effect if the responsibility of the insurer is clear and the right to consent of the insurer is limited. Again, standardize the procedure of the application. Expanding the scope of the main body of the reeffective application, relaxing the time limit of the application, establishing the truthful obligation of informing the applicant, clarifying the responsibility of the insurer to examine and verify in time, and determining the scope of the premium that should be paid up. Finally, to make up for the legal effect of the legislative blank. To unify the time point of the restoration of the validity of the contract, to make it clear that the nature of the insurance contract after the reinstatement is the continuation of the original contract, the rules of suspension and revalidity may be applied again, and the grace period after the resumption of the contract shall not be affected by the date of the reinstatement. The non-defensible period and the suicide exemption period shall be recounted from the date of the reinstatement of the insurance contract. Through the discussion of the disputes and gaps in the above legislation, we can perfect the system of life insurance contract, balance the interests of the policyholder, the insured, the beneficiary and the insurer, and realize the social security function of the system. Promote the development of insurance industry.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.284
[Abstract]:If the applicant deferring the payment of the premium other than the initial premium, the validity of the contract shall be suspended by the insurer or automatically suspended through the statutory period, and the validity of the contract shall be restored after the suspension with the consent of the insurer and the replacement of the premium by the applicant. The insurance law of our country adopts the mode of the insurer's consent to the constitutive elements of the reefficacy, the insurer holds the decision of the reeffect, the double restriction of the subject and the time of the application for the reefficacy in the procedure of the reefficacy, and the scope of the premium paid up is still unclear. Even Article 8 of the "Judicial interpretation of Insurance Law" restricts the insurer's right of consent in terms of the conditions and procedures of revalidity, but because of the contradictions and omissions of the legislation, the system of contract revalidity is still in an awkward situation that is seldom applied or even difficult to apply. Furthermore, the nature of the rules of suspension and repetition is rather vague, and the validity of the agreement to exclude the application of the system or the time limit and conditions stipulated by the law is not clear; the time point of the revalidity of the contract is not clear. Whether the contract can again apply the rules of suspension and effect, whether the time point of reinstatement has an effect on the beginning of a special period, and whether the legislation has not given an answer. To solve the above problems, first of all, it is necessary to clarify the nature of the rule of suspension and repetition. As the legal relief clause for the insured, it should be regarded as a semi-compulsory clause, and the parties should not make an agreement against the insured. Secondly, perfect the constitution of the contract. When the insurant does not meet the insurable condition of "general rational insurer standard", the insurance talent can refuse to retake the effect if the responsibility of the insurer is clear and the right to consent of the insurer is limited. Again, standardize the procedure of the application. Expanding the scope of the main body of the reeffective application, relaxing the time limit of the application, establishing the truthful obligation of informing the applicant, clarifying the responsibility of the insurer to examine and verify in time, and determining the scope of the premium that should be paid up. Finally, to make up for the legal effect of the legislative blank. To unify the time point of the restoration of the validity of the contract, to make it clear that the nature of the insurance contract after the reinstatement is the continuation of the original contract, the rules of suspension and revalidity may be applied again, and the grace period after the resumption of the contract shall not be affected by the date of the reinstatement. The non-defensible period and the suicide exemption period shall be recounted from the date of the reinstatement of the insurance contract. Through the discussion of the disputes and gaps in the above legislation, we can perfect the system of life insurance contract, balance the interests of the policyholder, the insured, the beneficiary and the insurer, and realize the social security function of the system. Promote the development of insurance industry.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.284
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