论民间高利贷不应司法犯罪化

发布时间：2018-10-25 14:38

【摘要】：高利贷是民间借贷的一种形式,关于其是否应当入罪存在较大争议。通过对《非法金融机构和非法金融业务活动取缔办法》条文的梳理以及立法原意的探析,可知其适用范围并不涵盖民间高利贷行为,排除民间高利贷的非法性前提。司法实践中将高利贷行为以非法经营罪的兜底条款进行规制并不合理。同质性解释规则强调的是行为的同质性而非结果的同质性,民间高利贷并不符合非法经营罪特殊市场准入制度这一罪质的要求;从"事后"评价机制来看,涉及非法经营罪兜底条款的司法解释中并未对发放高利贷行为进行明确规定。因此,在刑法分则没有明确规定的情况下对发放高利贷行为以非法经营罪论处无疑违背了罪刑法定原则,不应将发放高利贷行为视为犯罪行为。
[Abstract]:Usury is a form of folk lending, and there is much controversy about whether it should be criminalized. By combing the articles of "measures for outlawing illegal Financial institutions and illegal Financial Business activities" and analyzing the legislative intent, we can see that the scope of its application does not cover the folk usury, and excludes the illegal premise of folk usury. In judicial practice, it is unreasonable to regulate usury as the bottom clause of illegal operation crime. The rule of homogeneity interpretation emphasizes the homogeneity of behavior rather than the homogeneity of result. Private usury does not meet the criminal quality requirement of the special market access system of the crime of illegal operation; from the point of view of "ex post" evaluation mechanism, the rule of interpretation of homogeneity emphasizes the homogeneity of the behavior rather than the homogeneity of the result. There is no clear stipulation on loansharking in the judicial interpretation of the criminal law of illegal operation. Therefore, under the circumstances that the criminal law sub-rule is not clearly stipulated, it is undoubtedly contrary to the principle of legally prescribed punishment to punish the loan usury as the crime of illegal operation, and should not be regarded as a criminal act.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学法律学院;
【分类号】：D922.282

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