我国特种设备安全法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 15:20

【摘要】：特种设备安全法律规制问题的研究对于保障特种设备安全运行,提高工作场所的安全作业环境,减少特种设备安全事故的发生,保障公民人身健康和财产安全,维护良好的社会秩序具有重要作用。虽然我国在2014年颁布实施了《中华人民共和国特种设备安全法》(以下简称《特种设备安全法》),特种设备安全状况有所好转,但是在实践中也发现了不少问题。通过文献分析法、比较研究法、案例分析法等研究方法对我国特种设备安全法律规制存在的问题进行了分析和总结:即特种设备法律法规体系尚不健全,虽然在形式上形成了完善的“法律——法规——规章——安全技术规范——标准”五个层次的法律法规体系,但是各个层次间衔接不顺畅、相互矛盾的现象大量存在;互联网+、大数据时代的到来,使我国特种设备安全监管和检验检测已经不能适应新形势的发展,亟需进行改革;社会公众参与特种设备安全管理的机制尚未建立和完善,未形成社会合力和多元共治新格局等。依据法学相关理论,并借鉴国外特种设备安全法律制度的研究成果,提出应当从完善与《特种设备安全法》相配套的行政法规、规章、安全技术规范、标准,推进大规范建设;建立多元合作型监管模式,充分发挥社会合力;推进检验检测机构社会化改革;建立全国性的特种设备安全监管系统信息平台,采取“互联网+”安全监管方式等方面完善我国特种设备安全法律规制,从而确保特种设备安全运行。
[Abstract]:The study on the legal regulation of the safety of special equipment can ensure the safe operation of special equipment, improve the safe working environment in the workplace, reduce the occurrence of safety accidents of special equipment, and ensure the personal health and property safety of citizens. Maintaining good social order plays an important role. Although China promulgated and implemented the Special equipment Safety Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Special equipment Safety Law") in 2014, the safety situation of special equipment has improved, but many problems have been found in practice. Through the methods of literature analysis, comparative research and case analysis, this paper analyzes and summarizes the problems existing in the legal regulation of the safety of special equipment in China: that is, the system of laws and regulations on special equipment is not perfect. Although there is a perfect legal and regulatory system at the five levels of "law-regulation-safety technical norm-standard" in form, the connection between the different levels is not smooth, and there are a lot of contradictory phenomena; With the advent of the Internet and big data era, China's special equipment safety supervision and inspection can not adapt to the development of the new situation, the urgent need for reform; The mechanism of public participation in the safety management of special equipment has not been established and perfected, nor has it formed a new pattern of social resultant force and pluralistic co-management. According to the relevant theory of law and the research results of foreign special equipment safety law system, this paper puts forward that we should perfect the administrative regulations, rules and regulations, safety technical specifications, standards and promote the construction of large-scale norms, which should be matched with the "Special equipment Safety Law". To establish the multi-cooperative supervision mode, to give full play to the social joint forces, to promote the socialization reform of the inspection and testing institutions; In order to ensure the safe operation of special equipment, the information platform of national special equipment safety supervision system is established, and the safety regulation of special equipment in our country is perfected in the aspects of "Internet" safety supervision mode and other aspects, so as to ensure the safe operation of special equipment.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.294

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