海上定值保险法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-11-25 08:19
【摘要】：海上定值保险历史悠久,定值保险最先在海上保险领域产生,随后扩展到陆上财产领域,至今绝大多数船舶、货物运输保单均为定值。由于适用领域的特殊性,海上定值保险在很大程度上有别于陆上定值保险:二者的法律适用不尽相同,前者主要受《海商法》的调整,后者主要受《保险法》的调整;海上保险领域的一些制度与海上定值保险息息相关,如判定推定全损成立的价值比较基础之一即为定值保险中约定的保险价值,在代位求偿制度中,当事人双方约定的保险价值能否成为被保险人行使剩余损害赔偿请求权的障碍不无疑问。目前,我国《海商法》对海上定值保险的相关规定尚不完善,学术界对海上定值保险的系统性的研究成果也并不多见,因此,对海上定值保险的相关问题进行梳理并做一全面研究,是极有必要的。本文第一章节是海上定值保险制度概述。对海上定值保险进行了界定,分析了其与相关法律概念的关系,并阐述了定值保险与海上保险相关原则的关联。本文第二章节是海上定值保险下告知义务履行问题研究。本部分首先在研究告知义务一般履行标准的基础上,对我国法律的相关规定进行了分析并提出了修改建议;其次分析梳理了英国长期以来的司法案例,重点对何种情况下构成海上定值保险下的"重要情况"作了探究;最后结合英国《1906年海上保险法》和《2015年保险法》的规定分析了违反该义务的法律后果。本文第三章节是海上定值保险下保险赔偿问题研究。在全损赔偿方面,主要探讨约定的价值与全损赔偿限额的关系;在部分损失赔偿方面,主要探讨船舶约定价值在损失赔偿计算中的作用。本文第四章节是海上定值保险对推定全损和代位求偿制度的影响问题的探讨。明晰了在判断船舶和货物推定全损中,约定的价值成为确定二者构成推定全损的价值比较基础;同时也对实践中长期以来认为"约定价值成为被保险人行使剩余损害赔偿请求权的障碍"的观点进行了拨乱反正。
[Abstract]:Marine fixed value insurance has a long history. It was first produced in the field of marine insurance, and then expanded to land property field. Up to now, most ships and cargo transport policies are fixed value. Because of the particularity of the application field, the marine fixed value insurance is different from the land fixed value insurance to a great extent: the law of the two is not the same, the former is mainly regulated by the Maritime Law, and the latter is mainly adjusted by the Insurance Law; Some systems in the field of marine insurance are closely related to marine fixed value insurance. For example, one of the comparative bases for determining the value of the presumed total loss is the insurance value agreed in the fixed value insurance, and in the subrogation system, Whether the insurance value agreed by the parties can be an obstacle for the insured to exercise the right to claim residual damages is doubtful. At present, the relevant regulations of maritime fixed value insurance in Maritime Law of our country are not perfect, and the systematic research results of marine fixed value insurance in academic circles are rare, therefore, It is necessary to sort out and make a comprehensive study on the related problems of marine fixed value insurance. The first chapter of this paper is an overview of marine fixed value insurance system. This paper defines marine fixed value insurance, analyzes its relationship with relevant legal concepts, and expounds the relationship between fixed value insurance and relevant principles of marine insurance. The second chapter of this paper is a study on the performance of the obligation of notification under marine fixed value insurance. Firstly, based on the study of the general performance standard of the obligation of notification, this part analyzes the relevant provisions of Chinese law and puts forward some suggestions for amendment. Secondly, it analyzes and combs the judicial cases in Britain for a long time, focusing on the "important circumstances" under which the marine fixed value insurance is constituted. Finally, the legal consequences of breach of this obligation are analyzed in accordance with the provisions of the British Maritime Insurance Act of 1906 and the Insurance Act of 2015. The third chapter of this paper is the study of insurance compensation under marine fixed value insurance. In the aspect of total loss compensation, the relationship between the agreed value and the total loss compensation limit is mainly discussed, and in the partial loss compensation, the role of the agreed ship value in the calculation of the total loss compensation is mainly discussed. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of marine fixed value insurance on the presumption of total loss and subrogation system. It is clear that in judging the total loss of ship and cargo, the agreed value becomes the comparative basis of determining the value of the two components of the presumption of total loss; At the same time, the author also puts forward the view that "the agreed value becomes the obstacle for the insured to exercise the right of claim for residual damages" in practice for a long time.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.284
本文编号：2355427
[Abstract]:Marine fixed value insurance has a long history. It was first produced in the field of marine insurance, and then expanded to land property field. Up to now, most ships and cargo transport policies are fixed value. Because of the particularity of the application field, the marine fixed value insurance is different from the land fixed value insurance to a great extent: the law of the two is not the same, the former is mainly regulated by the Maritime Law, and the latter is mainly adjusted by the Insurance Law; Some systems in the field of marine insurance are closely related to marine fixed value insurance. For example, one of the comparative bases for determining the value of the presumed total loss is the insurance value agreed in the fixed value insurance, and in the subrogation system, Whether the insurance value agreed by the parties can be an obstacle for the insured to exercise the right to claim residual damages is doubtful. At present, the relevant regulations of maritime fixed value insurance in Maritime Law of our country are not perfect, and the systematic research results of marine fixed value insurance in academic circles are rare, therefore, It is necessary to sort out and make a comprehensive study on the related problems of marine fixed value insurance. The first chapter of this paper is an overview of marine fixed value insurance system. This paper defines marine fixed value insurance, analyzes its relationship with relevant legal concepts, and expounds the relationship between fixed value insurance and relevant principles of marine insurance. The second chapter of this paper is a study on the performance of the obligation of notification under marine fixed value insurance. Firstly, based on the study of the general performance standard of the obligation of notification, this part analyzes the relevant provisions of Chinese law and puts forward some suggestions for amendment. Secondly, it analyzes and combs the judicial cases in Britain for a long time, focusing on the "important circumstances" under which the marine fixed value insurance is constituted. Finally, the legal consequences of breach of this obligation are analyzed in accordance with the provisions of the British Maritime Insurance Act of 1906 and the Insurance Act of 2015. The third chapter of this paper is the study of insurance compensation under marine fixed value insurance. In the aspect of total loss compensation, the relationship between the agreed value and the total loss compensation limit is mainly discussed, and in the partial loss compensation, the role of the agreed ship value in the calculation of the total loss compensation is mainly discussed. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of marine fixed value insurance on the presumption of total loss and subrogation system. It is clear that in judging the total loss of ship and cargo, the agreed value becomes the comparative basis of determining the value of the two components of the presumption of total loss; At the same time, the author also puts forward the view that "the agreed value becomes the obstacle for the insured to exercise the right of claim for residual damages" in practice for a long time.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.284
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