论专车模式下网络约车平台的民事责任

发布时间：2019-01-19 10:31

【摘要】：在“互联网+”信息共享的时代背景下,出行乘客在手机客户端启用特定打车软件即可方便操作的网络约车服务成为可能。这种约车服务不仅有效的实现了信息的对称,减少了资源的浪费,还为大众出行创造了更加便捷更多样的选择。网络约车在以滴滴、优步(Uber)、快的等为主的约车平台兴起后,迅速俘获了一大批出行者的青睐。在网络约车众多的运营模式中,专车模式在实践中的运用最为普遍。但由于专车服务在我国起步相对较晚,基础薄弱,相应的配套服务还不完善,信用以及法律规范体系还未及时健全,导致网络约车在实际运行中秩序混乱。不仅对传统的出租车领域造成了巨大的打击,导致各地出租车罢工游行的事件频繁上演,还引发了大量亟需解决的法律纠纷,对整个社会的协调稳定运转带来了不良的影响。2016年7月14日,交通运输部通过了《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》,并于11月1日起施行,网络约车服务首次被法律合法化。该《暂行办法》在行政监管方面对网约车进行了详细规定,但在约车平台的法律定位上却一直模糊不清,导致专车模式下网络约车平台的权利义务不明确,无法有效解决实际中产生的各种民事纠纷。因而明确专车平台的法律地位、权利义务以及民事责任,对于解决互联网约专车中产生的纠纷,规范网络约车市场,促进城市交通有序运行就具有重大的现实意义。所以,本文将以专车模式为例,针对网络约车平台的相关法律问题进行研究,分析其民法地位,以及相应的民事责任。本文共分三个部分展开:第一部分主要分析专车模式下我国网络约车平台的法律责任争议,包括平台面临的法律地位争议以及民事责任争议,点明研究专车平台法律性质及民事责任的必要性和紧迫性。第二部分为域外对网络约车平台民事责任的研究,该部分通过介绍国外在网约车领域采取的立法态度,以及在平台民事责任方面采取的责任分担机制,希望对我国网络约车平台民事责任的分担有所启发。第三部分为专车模式下网络约车平台的民事责任。该部分将重点分析专车模式下我国网络约车平台的法律地位,最终确定平台承担的违约责任和侵权责任。
[Abstract]:Under the background of the "Internet" information sharing era, it is possible for travel passengers to use specific ride-hailing software to operate the ride-hailing service on the mobile phone client. This kind of ride-sharing service not only effectively realizes the symmetry of information, reduces the waste of resources, but also creates more convenient and diverse choices for mass travel. After the rise of ride-hailing platforms such as Didi, Uber (Uber), Express and so on, the network ride-hailing platform quickly captured the favor of a large number of travelers. In the network ride-sharing operation mode, the special car mode is the most common in practice. However, the special bus service starts relatively late in our country, the foundation is weak, the corresponding supporting service is not perfect, and the credit and legal standard system is not perfect in time, which leads to the disorder of order in the actual operation of the network car ride. Not only has it caused a huge blow to the traditional taxi industry, leading to frequent demonstrations of taxi strikes in various parts of the country, but it has also led to a large number of legal disputes that need to be resolved. On July 14, 2016, the Ministry of Transport adopted the interim measures for the Management of Network booking Taxi Business Services, which came into effect on November 1. For the first time, internet ride-hailing services have been legalized by law. The "interim measures" have made detailed regulations on the network ride-sharing platform in terms of administrative supervision, but the legal positioning of the ride-sharing platform has always been ambiguous, resulting in the lack of clear rights and obligations of the network-ride-sharing platform under the special car mode. It is impossible to solve all kinds of civil disputes in practice. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to clarify the legal status, rights and obligations, and civil liability of the special vehicle platform for solving the disputes arising from the Internet charter car, standardizing the network car charter market, and promoting the orderly operation of urban traffic. Therefore, this article will take the special car pattern as an example, carries on the research to the network ride-sharing platform related legal question, analyzes its civil law status, as well as the corresponding civil liability. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part mainly analyzes the legal liability disputes of China's network ride-sharing platform under the special car mode, including the legal status dispute and civil liability dispute faced by the platform. Point out the necessity and urgency of studying the legal nature and civil liability of the special car platform. The second part is the extraterritorial research on the civil liability of the network car-hailing platform. This part introduces the legislative attitude adopted by foreign countries in the field of net-chartering and the liability sharing mechanism adopted in the civil liability of the platform. Hope to share the civil liability of China's network ride-sharing platform. The third part is the civil liability of the network ride-hailing platform under the special car mode. This part will focus on the analysis of the legal status of China's network ride-sharing platform under the special car mode, and finally determine the liability for breach of contract and tort liability.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.296

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