反垄断法视角下中国烟草行业行政垄断问题研究

发布时间：2019-02-19 13:59

【摘要】：长期以来,我国烟草行业因行政垄断的高额利润、主流媒体所宣扬的烟草危害性而被社会各界所关注。烟草行业的行政垄断实质上违背了自愿、平等的市场交易规则,破坏了竞争、统一、有序、开放的市场竞争秩序,直接阻碍全国统一开放大市场的形成,从根本上限制了中国烟草产业国际竞争力的提升。文章旨在对烟草行业行政垄断的规制进行研究,并从各国实践经验出发,提出相应的科学策略。文章以中国烟草专卖制度为支撑,借鉴国内外烟草行业的治理模式,结合我国烟草行业的基本情况展开研究。首先详细阐述了我国烟草行业行政垄断的表现,分析了成因,认为主要来自三个方面:传统价值观念、利益分配结果、政府干预。同时,在此基础上分析了弊端:宏观方面的地方保护,微观方面的烟农、烟草商业企业、卷烟零售客户、消费者的自身行为。其次,通过梳理日本、欧盟、美国对于烟草行业行政垄断的规制实践,总结其对我国烟草行业开展行政垄断规制的三大启示:改革政府管制方式、引入市场竞争机制、健全法律法规体系,并由此引出运用《反垄断法》规制烟草行业行政垄断。最后,针对这些具体情况,从打破行业性和产业性行政垄断这两个方面提出了相应的对策:政企分离、调整财税制度、建立区域大集团、创立自主品牌、“走出去”战略、法律手段。十八届三中全会以后,垄断行业市场化改革的号角已经吹响。面对时代洪流的冲击,烟草行业的改革亦是势在必行。如何理清烟草行政垄断与反垄断法之间的关系,从而为烟草行业规制提供科学的实施路径,已经到了刻不容缓的地步!虽然文章的观点尚未成熟,但仍希望能为国家着手开展烟草行业改革尽上绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the tobacco industry in our country has been concerned by all walks of life because of the high profit of administrative monopoly and the harm of tobacco advocated by mainstream media. In essence, the administrative monopoly of the tobacco industry violates the voluntary and equal rules of market transactions, undermines the competitive order of the competition, unity, order and openness of the market, and directly hinders the formation of a unified and open large market throughout the country. It limits the international competitiveness of Chinese tobacco industry. The purpose of this paper is to study the regulation of administrative monopoly in tobacco industry, and put forward corresponding scientific strategies based on the practical experience of various countries. Based on the Chinese tobacco monopoly system, this paper studies the management mode of tobacco industry at home and abroad and the basic situation of tobacco industry in China. Firstly, the paper expounds the performance of administrative monopoly in tobacco industry in China, analyzes the causes, and thinks that it mainly comes from three aspects: traditional value concept, benefit distribution result and government intervention. At the same time, the disadvantages are analyzed: local protection in macro aspect, tobacco farmers in micro aspect, tobacco commercial enterprises, cigarette retail customers and consumers' own behavior. Secondly, by combing the administrative monopoly regulation practice of Japan, European Union and America, the author summarizes the three enlightenments of administrative monopoly regulation in China's tobacco industry: reforming government regulation mode and introducing market competition mechanism. Improve the system of laws and regulations, and lead to the use of anti-monopoly law to regulate the administrative monopoly of tobacco industry. Finally, in view of these specific conditions, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures from the aspects of breaking the industrial and industrial administrative monopoly: separating the government from the enterprise, adjusting the fiscal and taxation system, establishing the regional big group, establishing the independent brand, and "going out" strategy. Legal means After the third Plenary session of the 18 th Central Committee, monopoly industry market-oriented reform has sounded the horn. Faced with the impact of the times, the reform of the tobacco industry is also imperative. How to clarify the relationship between tobacco administrative monopoly and anti-monopoly law, so as to provide a scientific implementation path for tobacco industry regulation, has reached the point of urgency! Although the opinion of the article is not mature, it still hopes to help the country to carry out the reform of tobacco industry.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.294

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