论合理期待原则对保险合同解释的司法适用

发布时间：2019-08-12 17:22

【摘要】：美国通过判例的方式确立合理期待原则,其主要目的在于制约保险人优势,矫正当事人缔约失衡地位。我国《保险法》虽然没有规定合理期待原则,但该原则已经在司法裁判中大量适用,从586个保险案件判决显示,法官能够运用该原则对保险合同条款进行符合普通投保人合理期待的解释,进而维护投保人的合法权益。合理期待原则已在美国、加拿大、英国以及我国台湾地区的司法裁判产生实质影响,且有立法化趋势。我国现有的保险条款说明义务、不利解释制度不足以应对保险双方缔约失衡困境,应适时引入该原则,与不利解释原则、说明义务等制度协同适用,更好地平衡保险合同缔约双方的权利义务。
[Abstract]:The United States establishes the principle of reasonable expectation through the way of precedent, the main purpose of which is to restrict the advantages of insurers and correct the unbalanced position of the contracting parties. Although the Insurance Law of our country does not stipulate the principle of reasonable expectation, it has been applied in a large number of judicial decisions. From 586 insurance cases, it is shown that the judge can use this principle to explain the terms of the insurance contract in accordance with the reasonable expectations of ordinary policy holders, so as to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of policy holders. The principle of reasonable expectation has had a substantial impact on the judicial adjudication in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Taiwan, and has a trend of legislation. The existing insurance clause illustrating obligation and unfavorable interpretation system in our country are not enough to deal with the imbalance dilemma of the contracting parties of the insurance parties. This principle should be introduced in due course, which should be applied in coordination with the unfavorable interpretation principle, illustrative obligation and other systems, so as to better balance the rights and obligations of the contracting parties to the insurance contract.
【作者单位】：厦门大学法学院;
【分类号】：D922.284

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