我国被执行人财产报告制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 10:47

本文关键词： 财产报告性质执行听证债务人名录　出处：《河南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民事被执行人财产报告制度是2007年我国民事诉讼法修改时新增的一项制度。被执行人财产难以知晓一直是执行难中一项最为关键的且急需解决的问题,而在执行过程中,被执行人是自己财产的掌控者,没有人比其更加了解自己的财产状况。被执行人财产报告制度,能够很好的通过债务人自己报告自己的财产状况,破解执行中债务人财产信息难以获取的难题。然而这一制度自从设立以来,却没有发挥其设置的初衷,在适用过程中也一直流于形式、沦为纸面上义务。究其原因,一方面是关于该制度的性质存疑,对被执行人报告的财产是否真实调查核实难,以及对违反该项义务的处罚力度较弱。如何解决上述问题,以及如何使这项制度真正发挥其应有的作用需要我们重新讨论和思考。本文一共分为四部分:第一部分,对被执行人财产报告制度立法现状和实际运用中出现的问题进行总结,并分析其原因。当前,我国被执行人财产报告制度出现的问题主要是适用程序混乱、适用率低以及被执行人不报告或者不如实报告的情况普遍。适用程序混乱的原因主要是制度性质定位不清,法典关于报告主体、财产报告范围、启动主体等方面的规定不清;适用率低以及不报告或者不如实报告的原因是被执行人报告了财产信息后对其违反义务的证明和调查核实难,对违反该义务的后果威慑力弱。第二部分,考察了域外被执行人财产开示的制度。域外国家和地区的财产开示制度在性质上主要分为两种模式,一是将它作为强制执行之结束和补充程序,二是将其作为强制执行之开始和独立程序;在有关被执行人财产开示信息的证明方式上,多采用相应的当庭询问制度来辅助证明被执行财产信息是否真实;在处罚后果上都有较为严厉的法律制裁手段和信用制裁方法。第三部分,分析域外国家和地区立法对我国的启示,在制度性质上选择独立发现债务人财产信息的模式,分析了当庭询问调查核实被执行人财产报告信息是否真实的必要性,以及我国需要在威慑后果上加大处罚力度,并与信用制裁手段进行对接的必要性。第四部分,在第三部分的基础上,认为我国应进一步明确财产报告制度性质功能,在此基础上,明确财产报告的主体、范围以及报告的程序,在程序中重点提出对被执行人财产报告实行听证制度,以解决调查核实难的问题。在处罚后果上分析违反报告义务与拒执罪对接的可行性与必要性,对如何与信用制裁对接提出具体适用建议。
[Abstract]:The property report system of civil executors is a new system when the civil procedural law was amended in 2007. The difficulty of knowing the property of the executor has always been one of the most critical and urgent problems in the implementation of the system. In the process of execution, the executor is the owner of his own property, and no one knows his property status better than his. Can report their own property situation through the debtor, solve the implementation of the debtor property information difficult to obtain. However, this system has not played its original intention since the establishment of the system. In the process of application has also been a mere formality, reduced to a paper obligation. On the one hand, the reason is that the nature of the system is doubtful, and it is difficult to verify whether the property reported by the executor is true or not. And the punishment for violating this obligation is weak. How to solve the above problem. And how to make this system really play its due role needs us to re-discuss and ponder. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part. This paper summarizes the current legislative situation and practical application of the property report system of the person subjected to execution, and analyzes its reasons. At present, the main problem of the property report system of the person executed in our country is the confusion of the applicable procedure. The application rate is low and the executor does not report or report truthfully. The main reason for the confusion of the application procedure is that the nature of the system is not clear the main body of the report and the scope of the property report. The provisions on starting subject are not clear; The reason of low application rate and non-reporting or untruthful report is that it is difficult for the executor to prove and verify the breach of his obligation after reporting the property information, and the deterrent effect to the breach of this obligation is weak. Part two. The system of property disclosure in foreign countries and regions can be divided into two modes, one is to use it as the end of enforcement and the other is the supplementary procedure. Second, it should be regarded as the beginning of enforcement and the independent procedure. On the proof of the disclosure information of the executor's property, the corresponding interrogation system is adopted to prove whether the information of the executed property is true or not. In the consequences of punishment there are more severe legal sanctions and credit sanctions. The third part analyzes the enlightenment of foreign countries and regional legislation to our country. In the institutional nature of the choice of independent discovery of property information of the debtor mode, analysis of the court inquiry to verify whether the property report of the executor is true or not. And our country needs to strengthen punishment on the deterrent effect, and the necessity of docking with credit sanctions. 4th part, on the basis of the third part. The author thinks that our country should further clarify the nature of property reporting system, and on this basis, make clear the subject, scope and reporting procedure of property report. In order to solve the problem of the difficulty of investigation and verification, the paper puts forward the system of hearing the property report of the executor in order to analyze the feasibility and necessity of the docking between the breach of reporting obligation and the crime of refusing to carry out the crime. How to docking with credit sanctions put forward specific recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.1

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