论民事执行难的原因与对策

发布时间：2018-02-14 05:37

本文关键词： 民事执行执行难强制执行法　出处：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民事执行是民事诉讼程序的最后一个阶段,是我国法律体系中不可或缺的重要制度。新修改的我国《民事诉讼法》虽然增加了对民事执行的一些规定,但规定过于简单且操作性不强,司法实践中民事执行难的问题仍然存在,严重影响对当事人权利的保障,也损害了法律的尊严,妨碍社会和谐稳定。同时它也直接关系到我国法院的威信乃至整个社会的稳定。民事执行难目前主要表现为不少被执行人长期下落不明、恶意转移财产、暴力抗拒执法、地方保护主义干扰民事执行等问题,而造成上述执行难的主要原因为我国实体法保障的缺陷、程序法保障的缺陷和社会体系的缺陷,因此执行工作依旧困难重重。为解决以上执行难问题,各级人民法院在司法实践中也做了不少探索和创新,采取了很多的措施和方法,但是基于现行法律体系和社会体系的缺陷,目前仍无法改变民事执行难的现状。本文通过分析并借鉴了法国、俄罗斯等国家的强制执行立法经验及我国部分法院为缓解执行难的对策,认识到要完善我国的执行法律体系,首先必须制定一部具有中国特色的《强制执行法》。其次,在制度上也要有相关的跟进,如构建联动机制、规范协助执行制度、加大刑事追究、加重违法成本、加大对财产保全的重视力度。再次,完善监督体系,加强权力机构即人大对法院民事执行活动的监督,贯彻新《民事诉讼法》的精神,将检察机关对民事执行活动的监督落到实处。通过以上努力,相信能有效缓解执行难问题,优化民事执行工作使执行变得高效,让执行当事人的利益得到更好的维护,更有利于判决的实现和法律权威的维护。
[Abstract]:Civil execution is the last stage of the civil procedure procedure and an indispensable and important system in our country's legal system. Although the newly amended Civil procedure Law of China has added some provisions on civil enforcement, But the stipulation is too simple and the operation is not strong, the problem of difficult civil execution in judicial practice still exists, which seriously affects the protection of the rights of the parties, and also damages the dignity of the law. It is also directly related to the prestige of our courts and the stability of the whole society. At present, the difficulties in civil enforcement are mainly manifested in the long-term unaccounted whereabouts of many of the executed persons, the malicious transfer of property, the violent resistance to law enforcement, the interference of local protectionism in civil enforcement, and so on. The main reasons for the above difficulties are the defects of the substantive law, the procedural law and the social system, so the implementation is still difficult. In order to solve the above problems, People's courts at all levels have also made many explorations and innovations in judicial practice and adopted many measures and methods. However, due to the defects of the current legal system and social system, it is still unable to change the current situation of civil enforcement difficulties. By analyzing and learning from the experience of enforcement legislation in France, Russia and other countries and the countermeasures of some courts in our country to alleviate the difficulty of enforcement, this paper realizes that we should perfect the enforcement law system of our country. First of all, we must formulate an enforcement law with Chinese characteristics. Secondly, we must also have relevant follow-up measures in the system, such as establishing a linkage mechanism, standardizing the system of assisting enforcement, increasing criminal prosecution, and increasing the cost of breaking the law. Pay more attention to property preservation. Third, improve the supervisory system, strengthen the supervision of civil enforcement activities by the people's Congress, and implement the spirit of the new Civil procedure Law. The supervision of procuratorial organs over civil enforcement activities will be put into practice. Through the above efforts, I believe that it can effectively alleviate the implementation of difficult problems, optimize civil enforcement work to make execution more efficient, so that the interests of the parties to enforce better maintenance, more conducive to the realization of judgments and the maintenance of legal authority.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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