死刑复核程序中律师有效辩护问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 03:20

本文关键词： 死刑复核程序律师有效辩护　出处：《四川省社会科学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：死刑是剥夺人生命权的刑罚,一旦被执行则不可逆转。我国死刑复核程序是最高人民法院对判处死刑的案件进行最终审核的把关程序,充分发挥死刑复核程序的功能对限制死刑适用、避免死刑滥用、误用至关重要。但死刑复核程序要充分发挥其价值功能,必须辅以完善的制度予以保障。其中,在死刑复核程序中建立律师有效辩护制度是充分发挥死刑复核程序价值作用的有效途径。2012年修改后的《刑事诉讼法》及其司法解释明确辩护律师可以在死刑复核过程中提出辩护意见,这是我国司法改革中的重大进步。但由于现行法律对此规定比较粗糙,法律并未明确规定死刑复核阶段的法律援助问题,也未明确规定律师在死刑复核阶段中享有的辩护权问题。再加上部分辩护律师自身执业技能欠缺、执业道德缺乏,导致辩护律师在死刑复核程序中难以为被告人提供有效的辩护。这不仅损害了被告人辩护权的行使,不利于对被告人的人权保障,而且也违背了设立死刑复核程序的初衷。因此,笔者建议,在死刑复核程序中,应建立律师有效辩护制度,不仅在形式上要保障有辩护律师参与,而且更应该在实质上注重辩护律师参与死刑复核程序的效果。在死刑复核程序中建立律师有效辩护制度是死刑复核充分发挥作用的关键,也是程序正义的应有之义。本文用四个章节探讨我国死刑复核程序中律师的有效辩护的问题,并结合典型案例和相关数据加以论证。第一章首先介绍死刑复核程序的内涵、特点和功能,然后从律师有效辩护的内涵,死刑复核程序中律师辩护问题的法律规定两个方面概述死刑复核中的律师有效辩护问题。第二章阐述了死刑复核程序中律师辩护的现状,如大部分被告人在死刑复核程序中没有得到律师的辩护,即使有少数被告人得到了律师帮助辩护,辩护律师也难以有效行使辩护权,而且现行死刑复核文书不载明辩护律师的意见等。然后结合现状,从四个方面分析其原因:死刑复核程序的非对抗性和秘密性,法律援助缺位、律师进入死刑复核程序渠道受阻,现行立法规定粗糙、操作性不强,辩护律师执业技能欠缺,责任心不强。第三章主要从国家尊重和保障人权的宪法要求,死刑案件程序正义的内在要求,确保死刑复核质量、防范冤假错案发生的现实要求,提高司法公信力,促进刑事辩护专业化的时代要求四个方面探讨在死刑复核程序中建立律师有效辩护制度的必要性。第四章从六个方面提出建立我国死刑复核程序中律师有效辩护制度的具体措施:一是明确死刑复核程序的属性,改革死刑复核的方式;二是要完善法律援助制度,实现律师参与死刑复核程序全覆盖;三是加强死刑复核程序中对律师辩护权的保障;四是要建立死刑案件的辩护律师的资格准入制度;五是设立死刑复核中律师辩护的最低质量标准;六是死刑复核裁判文书增加辩护意见和说理内容并在网上公开。
[Abstract]:The death penalty is deprivation of life right punishment, once the execution is irreversible. China's death penalty review process is the Supreme People's court for a final check of death penalty cases of the control procedures, give full play to the function of the death penalty review procedure applicable to limit the death penalty, the death penalty to avoid abuse, misuse is essential. But we should give full play to the death penalty review procedure the value function, must be supplemented by a perfect system to protect it. Among them, in the death penalty review process to establish effective lawyer defense system is to give full play to the role of the value of the death penalty review procedure effective way.2012 revised "Criminal Procedure Law > and clear judicial interpretation of the defense lawyer may in the death penalty review process is put forward to defend opinions, this is great progress in China's judicial reform. But due to the current law of rough comparison, the law does not specify the legal aid to the death penalty review stage To help the problem, also not clearly defined the right of defense lawyers have problems in the death penalty review stage. Plus some lawyers practicing their own lack of skills, lack of professional ethics, to provide effective defense counsel in the review of the death penalty to the defendant. This exercise not only harm the defendant, not to protect human rights of the accused, but also contrary to the original intention of the establishment of the death penalty review procedure. Therefore, the author suggests that in the death penalty, lawyers should establish effective defense system, not only to protect the defense lawyers involved in the form, but also should pay attention to in terms of Defense lawyers involved in the death penalty review process effect built in the death penalty law effective defense system is the death penalty review and give full play to the role of the key, is the proper meaning of procedural justice. This paper with four chapters on the death penalty in China The effective defense of the judicial review of the problems, combined with the typical case and the relevant data to be demonstrated. The first chapter introduces the connotation of the death penalty review procedure, characteristics and functions, and then from the connotation of effective defense lawyers, lawyers effective defense issues outlined in the death penalty review in two aspects of the provisions of the defense lawyer problem in the procedure of death penalty review law. The second chapter introduces the status of lawyer in the procedure of death penalty review, such as most of the defendant did not get an attorney in the death penalty, even if there are a few defendants are a lawyer to help defend lawyer, is also difficult to effectively exercise the right of defense, and the current death penalty review documents not stated in the defense counsel then. Combined with the status quo, analyzes the reasons from four aspects: non confrontational and secret of the death penalty review procedure. The absence of legal aid lawyers to enter the death penalty review process, Order channels blocked, the current legislation is rough, operability is not strong, the defense lawyers lack of skills, strong sense of responsibility. The third chapter mainly from the requirement of respecting and safeguarding human rights in the constitution, the death penalty case requirement of procedural justice, to ensure the quality of the death penalty review, to prevent miscarriages of justice occurred practical requirements, improve the judicial credibility to promote the professional requirements of the times of criminal defense lawyers to discuss the necessity of effective defense system in the death penalty review procedure in four aspects. The fourth chapter puts forward concrete measures for establishing the effective system of our country's lawyer in the procedure of death penalty review from six aspects: one is the attribute of the death penalty review procedure. The reform of the death penalty review way; two it is necessary to improve the legal aid system, to achieve full coverage of lawyers involved in the death penalty review procedure; the three is to strengthen the death penalty review procedure to protect the right to counsel; the four is to build up the dead The qualification admittance system of defense counsel for criminal cases is established. The five is to set up the lowest quality standard for lawyer defense in the review of death penalty; the six is to review the death penalty, increase the defense opinions and reasoning contents, and make public online.

【学位授予单位】：四川省社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

【参考文献】