附条件不起诉监督考察制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 14:13

本文关键词： 附条件不起诉监督考察检察机关社会内处遇　出处：《江西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：附条件不起诉制度的宗旨是将少年罪错行为从审判程序中分流出去,让其在社会中反省过错,改正不良行为,修复被破坏的社会关系,反映了现代轻刑化、教育刑和恢复性司法理念。如何对附条件不起诉对象进行监督考察是附条件不起诉正确实施的关键。我国附条件不起诉制度实施的时间较短,对附条件不起诉对象的监督考察制度研究还较少,监督考察工作在各地的发展不均衡。在一些经济比较发达的地区的检察机关开展了各具特色的监督考察工作,如北京专门建设了专门的帮教考察基地,上海的一些基层检察院则通过政府购买社工服务的形式来开展监督考察工作,而更多地区的监督考察工作存在流于形式的危险。监督考察是附条件不起诉制度的正确实施的保证,为了促进附条件不起诉对象的监督考察制度的理论研究和实践发展,笔者从以下四部分对本制度进行了论述。实践离不开理论的指导,第一部分笔者对附条件不起诉监督考察制度的基本理论进行了论述。梳理了附条件不起诉的发展历程,并结合国内外对附条件不起诉制度的实践,明确了附条件不起诉制度的概念和特征,介绍了我国附条件不起诉监督考察制度的基本法律规定。第二部分,探讨了附条件不起诉监督考察制度的基本任务,应该包括监督管理、教育矫治、惩罚并预防犯罪、修复被破坏的社会关系、困难帮扶以及对监督考察的质量进行评估。第三部分,以两个市级检察机关和三个基层检察机关制定的附条件不起诉制度的实施细则为研究对象展开,并对比了国外有关做法,总结了当前我国附条件不起诉监督考察制度在司法实践中的经验与不足。当前,我国检察机关积极探索监督考察工作,取得了一定的成绩,值得肯定。同时,对附条件不起诉对象监督考察工作还存在一定的问题,如在监督考察的形式上,缺乏专门的监督考察机构、专业专职的考察人员,社会力量参与帮教明显不足,导致参与监督考察的主体之间权责不明,多头管理；在监督考察内容的设置上,存在重“惩罚”轻帮扶的倾向,各地检察机关适用的差异较大,一些“法外”内容值得警惕；在监督考察的结果上,部分可撤销条款可操作性不足,缺乏客观量化的评估标准来对附条件不起诉对象的监督考察质量进行评估,附条件不起诉制度的社会效果难以评判。第四部分,针对我国附条件不起诉对象的监督考察制度中存在的问题,探求了完善之路径。首先,应当根据实际情况,选择监督考察模式。检察机关的单独执行模式中,应当加快建立具有独立编制的未成年人刑事检察机构,强化检察机关执行监督考察的工作能力；检察机关牵头模式中,应当坚持检察机关主导,并借助社区矫正、社工、志愿者的力量来帮助检察机关进行监督考察,建立专门的关护帮教基地,对缺乏帮教条件的外来流动人口的监督考察。其次,在监督考察内容的设置中,要注意个别处遇与均衡处遇的均衡,法定义务必须要求履行,个别针对性义务选择附加。最后,要积极构建附条件不起诉对象监督考察的质量评估体系,要按照评估的一般过程,以守法状况、社会适应性、心理状况、道德水平为评估指标体系,介绍了四种评估方法,来指导监督考察主体开展对附条件不起诉对象的评估工作。最后通过这三方面的完善建议,以期促进我国附条件不起诉对象的监督考察制度的完善。
[Abstract]:The conditional non prosecution system is the purpose of the juvenile crime and wrong behaviors streaming out from the trial procedure, let the society reflect fault, to correct bad behavior, repair damaged social relations, reflects the modern education punishment and light punishment, the concept of restorative justice. How to attach a non prosecution supervision object study is the key to the correct implementation of the conditional non prosecution. Our conditional non prosecution system is implemented in a relatively short time, the conditional non prosecution investigation system is less research of supervision object, supervision and inspection work in various parts of the development is not balanced. The procuratorial organs in some economically developed areas to carry out special supervision investigation work, such as Beijing and the specialized construction of the specialized research base, to carry out supervision and inspection work of some grass-roots procuratorates of Shanghai through the government purchase of social service form, and more areas Supervision and inspection work has become a mere formality. Dangerous supervision is a correct implementation of conditional non prosecution system guarantee, in order to promote the conditional non prosecution object supervision system of theoretical research and practical development, the author from the following four parts of this system are discussed. The practice cannot do without the guidance of theory, the basic theory of the first the non prosecution supervision system of conditions are discussed. The development of conditional non prosecution order, and combined with the practice at home and abroad of the conditional non prosecution system, defined the concept and characteristics of the conditional non prosecution system, introduces the basic law of our conditional non prosecution supervision system. The second part discusses the basic task of the conditional non prosecution supervision system, supervision and management should include education, treatment, punishment and prevention of crime, repair the corrupted Society Will the relationship, helping the difficulties and assessment of quality supervision and inspection. The third part begins with the detailed rules for the implementation of the conditions attached to formulate two municipal procuratorial organs and three basic non prosecution system as the research object, and compares the relevant foreign practice, summed up the deficiencies in China before and when the conditional non prosecution supervision the investigation system in the judicial practice experience. At present, China's procuratorial organs to actively explore the supervision and inspection work, and achieved certain results, worthy of recognition. At the same time, not to prosecute the object of supervision and investigation work also has some problems on the condition, such as in the supervision and inspection of the form, the lack of supervision and inspection agencies, inspection personnel professional full-time, social forces to participate in education is obviously insufficient, causes between the participants in the supervision and inspection of the unclear responsibilities, bull management; in the contents of supervision and investigation of the set, in heavy punishment " "The difference is helping the tendency of light, the procuratorial organs around the large, some" outside the law "should be vigilant; in the supervision and inspection of the results, some can revoke terms lack of maneuverability, lack of objective and quantitative evaluation standard of the conditional non prosecution object of the supervision and inspection of quality assessment, the conditional non prosecution system it is difficult to judge the social effect. The fourth part, according to the existing supervision of our conditional non prosecution object inspection system, improve the searching path. First of all, should be based on the actual situation, choice of supervision mode. Separate execution mode of procuratorial organs in, should speed up the establishment of the juvenile criminal prosecution institution with independent preparation strengthen the procuratorial organs, supervision and inspection of the implementation of work ability; procuratorial organs leading mode, the procuratorial organs shall adhere to the dominant, and with the help of community correction, social workers and volunteers The power to help the procuratorial organs supervision and inspection, the establishment of special care education base, study on the floating population and the lack of supervision conditions. Secondly, the contents of supervision and investigation setting, should pay attention to special treatment and equilibrium in the balance of legal obligation must fulfill the requirements of the individual, to the obligation to choose additional. Finally, to actively build quality evaluation system of conditional non prosecution supervision and inspection of the object, according to the general process of evaluation, the lawful status, social adaptability, psychological status, moral level evaluation index system, introduces four kinds of evaluation methods, to guide and supervise the investigation of the main development of the conditional non prosecution object evaluation work. Finally, through the three aspects of suggestions in order to perfect our conditional non prosecution object supervision system.

【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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