民事裁判思维与方法——一宗涉及外国法查明的判决解析

发布时间：2018-03-01 07:45

本文关键词： 审判方法裁判方法裁判思维外国法查明　出处：《政法论坛》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：传统理论依赖于将外国法归属于事实问题抑或法律问题的定性来确定涉外民事诉讼中法官与当事人在外国法查明问题上的责任划分,但在比较研究中忽略了各国在诉讼模式等制度背景上的重要差异和在裁判方法上异曲同工的原理。而我国诉讼模式正处于转型和不确定状态,由于缺乏基本裁判思维和方法训练所导致的对事实与法律之间逻辑关系的普遍误解在外国法查明问题上很具有典型性。从裁判技术角度来看,国际私法研究领域中长期以来争论不休的"外国法究竟属于事实问题还是法律问题"主要是一种概念争议,甚至争议各方已忘记了问题的出发点——各国在外国法查明问题上是如何配置法官与当事人之间的义务和权限的?从这个功能视角出发,在概念上看似迥异的事实问题或法律问题之定性或归类,在特定诉讼模式之中如果按照事实问题或法律问题相应的逻辑和规则进行调查,并不会导致查明义务主体的重大差异。因此,中国对于外国法查明问题的研究重点不应停留于事实问题抑或法律问题的符号之争,而应当置于转型之中的中国民事诉讼模式对法官-当事人权限配置关系这一特定的制度语境下,以"外国法"为对象,以"查明"为目标,对现行外国法查明的具体制度进行功能性考量,探索其适用规范。
[Abstract]:The traditional theory relies on the characterization of the foreign law as a matter of fact or law to determine the division of the responsibility of the judge and the party in the foreign law in the civil action concerning foreign affairs. However, in the comparative study, the important differences between different countries in the background of litigation and other systems and the principle of similar judgment methods have been neglected. However, the litigation mode of our country is in a state of transition and uncertainty. The general misunderstanding of the logical relationship between fact and law caused by the lack of training in basic adjudicative thinking and methods is typical in the identification of foreign law. Whether foreign law is a matter of fact or law, which has long been debated in the field of private international law, is mainly a conceptual dispute. Even the disputing parties have forgotten the starting point of the problem-how do States configure the obligations and competence of judges and parties with regard to the identification of issues under foreign law? From this functional point of view, the definition or classification of factual or legal issues, which appear to be different in concept, is investigated in a particular litigation mode according to the logic and rules of factual or legal issues. Therefore, the focus of China's research on the identification of foreign law should not be confined to the dispute between factual and legal symbols. The Chinese civil litigation mode should be placed in the transition of the specific institutional context of the relationship between judge and party's competence allocation, taking "foreign law" as the object and "finding out" as the target. This paper makes functional consideration on the specific system of current foreign law, and explores its applicable norms.
【作者单位】：北京大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“民商事审判方法研究”(课题号11BFX122)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D925.1

【相似文献】