检察机关查办行贿罪不力的现状、原因和对策

发布时间：2018-03-28 22:12

  本文选题：行贿罪　切入点：检察机关　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：党的十八大以来,以习近平总书记为代表的党中央高度重视反腐败工作,不断加强对于职务犯罪的打击力度,“老虎苍蝇一起打”已然成为人民群众街谈巷议的热门话题。作为党和国家反腐败工作的排头兵,拥有职务犯罪侦查权的检察机关一直以来都致力于严肃查办各类职务犯罪案件。而在贿赂类案件的查办中,作为对合犯罪同时存在的受贿罪与行贿罪却享受着“不同待遇”:全国检察机关职务犯罪侦查部门每年查办的受贿案件的数量往往是行贿案件的数倍,并且在为数不多的被查办的行贿罪犯中仅有部分罪犯最终受到了法律应有的制裁。这与过去整个社会更多地注意受贿犯罪的严重性而忽视行贿犯罪的危害不无关系,而这种观念也使得检察机关在查办行贿犯罪时进退维谷。随着反腐败工作的日益深入,刑事立法以及司法实践中已然认识到了行贿犯罪的危害性,认识到对于行贿犯罪的打击力度不够,因此已经有意识地试图改变过去“侦破受贿为主、查办行贿为辅”的办案观念,意在形成“受贿行贿并重”的办案观念。但通过实践反馈的结果来看,收效不大,成果不甚明显。凡事有因才有果,行贿犯罪正是受贿犯罪的重要起因之一,只有依法查办行贿犯罪,才能有助于受贿犯罪的查办,才能真正实现反腐败工作的目的和意义。近年来,检察机关通过司法解释、开展打击行贿犯罪专项行动等方式在不断加大对于行贿犯罪的打击力度,也取得了一定成绩,但是仍旧远远不能符合当前反腐败斗争的要求。本文以检察机关查办行贿罪为视角,立足于职务犯罪侦查的工作实践,旨在通过分析目前我国检察机关侦查实践中对于行贿罪打击不力的现状,探究立法上和司法上试图改变目前的困境却又收效甚微的原因,并提供一些立法层面的修改建议以及改进侦查实践工作的建议,希望对于打击行贿、惩治腐败有所助益。文章开宗明义,简述了选题背景、原因以及研究意义。而后剖析了检察机关查办行贿罪不力的现状:通过对2013年以来全国检察机关查办职务犯罪案件的一些数据,分析了数据背后反映的问题,以及检察机关查办行贿案件的侦查实践中的困境,阐述了目前的问题——检察机关查办行贿案件的数量远远低于作为对合犯罪的受贿案件数量,并且最终受到法律制裁的受贿案件数量更少,侦查手段有限难以应付当前隐蔽复杂的行贿方式,侦查过程中又过于依赖口供。针对前述现状,分析了检察机关查办行贿罪陷入困境的原因:原因分为两类,即立法层面和侦查实践方面。其中,立法层面的原因是根本原因,立法层面的问题不解决,当前的现状就不能得到根本性的改变,但这并非主要原因,侦查实践方面的原因才是主要原因,只要检察机关在侦查实践方面能够有所改进,必定能极大地改变当前进退维谷的处境。而后探讨了解决问题的对策:从立法层面来看,建议完善行贿罪以及其他贿赂类犯罪的法律规定,尽可能避免法律规定的空白地带,给不法分子可趁之机,同时关于“不正当利益”这一入罪要素,建议谨慎考虑之后改为加重处罚情节。从司法实践层面来看,必须切实转变办案观念,并且重视侦查实践的改进,同时要注意刑事程序的整体性,侦查工作要配合后续的诉讼程序。最后总结了全文:当前检察机关查办行贿案件确实存在一定的问题,但只要立法层面加以重视,司法实践中积极应对,切实改进现有问题并且扎实推进行贿案件查办,一定能够扭转当前局面,为反腐败斗争做出贡献。
[Abstract]:Of the party since eighteen, the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping as general secretary attaches great importance to anti-corruption work, continue to strengthen the crackdown on crime, the tiger flies to play "has become a hot topic of people. As the town talk vanguard party and the national anti-corruption work, the procuratorial organs have the right of investigation of official offence has been committed to investigating serious crimes committed all kinds. And in investigating bribery cases in the crime exist at the same time as the bribery crime and bribery crime are enjoying" different treatment ": the number of national procuratorial organs duty crime investigation department a year investigating the bribery case of bribery cases is often several times, and for only part of the few are investigating bribery criminal offenders eventually received legal justice. The past the whole society to pay more attention to the bribery crime The harm to the crime of neglect of bribery crime are not unrelated, but this concept also makes the dilemma in investigating bribery prosecutors anti-corruption work. With the increasingly deepening of criminal legislation and judicial practice has realized the harmfulness of bribery crime, to recognize the crackdown on bribery is not enough, so it has consciously trying to change the past "investigation of bribery, bribery investigation by the" case "concept, intended to form a bribery case of both" concept. But through the practice of feedback results, the effect is not large, the results are not obvious. It is because only fruit, bribery crime is one of the important causes of the crime of bribery according to the law, only the investigation of bribery, can be helpful in investigating the crime of bribery, in order to truly realize the purpose and significance of anti-corruption work. In recent years, the procuratorial organs through judicial interpretation To carry out the special action to combat bribery, in the way of increasing the crackdown on bribery, but also has made some achievements, but still can not meet the requirements of the current anti-corruption struggle. According to the prosecutors investigating bribery crime from the perspective of practice based on the duty crime investigation, aims to analyze the current situation of investigation practice China's procuratorial organs for the crime of bribery to combat ineffective, explore the legislative and judicial reasons to change the current predicament but have little effect, and provide some suggestions of legislation and improvement of investigation practice recommendations, hope for the fight against bribery, corruption is helpful. This paper describes the background, purpose, the reason and significance of the research. And then analyzes the status quo of prosecutors investigating bribery ineffective in 2013 since the national procuratorial organs investigating 鑱屽姟鐘�缃�妗堜欢鐨勪竴浜涙暟鎹，

本文编号：1678290