我国环境民事公益诉讼原告资格的反思

发布时间：2018-04-16 09:29

本文选题：环境民事公益诉讼 + 原告资格　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年来,随着中国经济的高速发展,环境问题也是随之而来的各地的严重污染现象暴露在了公众的视野。在这样的大环境下,最高人民法院在2015年公布了《关于审理环境民事公益诉讼适用法律若干问题解释》,使得环境民事公益诉讼成为了新的热点与话题。伴随生产力持续高速发展,人类社会开始逐步迈入工业化阶段,与之相应的是环境上面临着较之于过去更为严重的污染,一系列环境公害案件引发了全球的广泛关注。虽然大面积污染事件不断涌现,人们承受着各种污染问题所带来的灾害和负面影响,然而事实上这样的事件本身并未能够激发人们在环保方面的充分关注,大部分有损环境的活动并未成功地诉诸于法。另一个角度来看,因为国内传统文化潜藏着“厌诉、厌讼”的基本思想,因此在公共环境面临损失以后,大部分状况下并无人提起诉讼;即便是部分人向法院提起了环境公益诉讼,然而从结果上来看,法院大部分会由于原告并非适格的起诉主体从而驳回请求。这样的现象显示出现阶段国内在环境民事公益诉讼制度方面的不足,因为缺乏适格原告予以提诉,从而导致国内的环境公益诉讼难以紧跟时代的脚步,无法发挥出应有的积极效用。同时,提诉过程必须要有关的资格主体予以确认,唯有确认之后,诉讼方可以发展下去。但是因为当前的民诉法依然是将直接利害关系视作为判定主体可否充当适格原告的标准,该制度显然无法适应于当今社会的现实需求,所以在此必须要面向于环境民事公益诉讼领域的原告资格展开探讨。本文共有四个章节构成,重点对国内环境民事公益诉讼权的原告资格展开系统地探究。首章阐释了有关的原告资格理论的发展;第二章为展开探讨环境民事公益诉讼原告资格出现的问题;第三章是针对环境民事公益诉讼原告资格的多元化进行可行性分析,并指出环境民事公益诉讼原告资格的多元化所产生的积极意义;第四章是针对之前第三章的内容分析出环境民事公益诉讼原告多元化制度的构想与设计。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of Chinese economy, environmental problems have been exposed to the public.Under such circumstances, in 2015, the Supreme people's Court published the explanation of the applicable Law of Environmental Civil Public interest Litigation, which made the Environmental Civil Public interest Litigation a new hot spot and topic.With the continuous and rapid development of productive forces, human society has gradually entered the stage of industrialization. Correspondingly, the environment is facing more serious pollution than in the past. A series of environmental pollution cases have aroused widespread concern around the world.Although a large number of pollution incidents continue to emerge, people are suffering from various pollution problems caused by disasters and negative effects, but in fact, such incidents themselves have not been able to arouse people's full attention in the field of environmental protection.Most activities harmful to the environment have not succeeded in resorting to the law.From another point of view, because the traditional culture of China has hidden the basic idea of "being tired of litigation and being tired of litigation", after the public environment is faced with losses, there is no lawsuit in most cases.Even if some people bring environmental public interest litigation to the court, however, as a result, most of the court will reject the application because the plaintiff is not the proper subject of the suit.This phenomenon shows the deficiencies in the environmental civil public interest litigation system in China at the present stage, because of the lack of suitable plaintiff to file a complaint, which makes it difficult for domestic environmental public interest litigation to keep up with the pace of the times.Unable to play its due positive effect.At the same time, the process of filing must be confirmed by the relevant qualifications, only after confirmation, the litigation can develop.However, because the current civil action law still regards the direct interest as the criterion to judge whether the subject can act as a suitable plaintiff, the system obviously can not meet the actual needs of the society today.Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the plaintiff's qualification in the field of environmental civil public interest litigation.This article consists of four chapters, focusing on the domestic environmental civil public interest litigation rights of the plaintiff's qualifications to start a systematic exploration.The first chapter explains the development of the theory of plaintiff qualification; the second chapter discusses the problems of plaintiff qualification in environmental civil public interest litigation; the third chapter is the feasibility analysis of the diversity of plaintiff qualification in environmental civil public interest litigation.It also points out the positive significance of the diversity of plaintiff qualification in environmental civil public interest litigation; the fourth chapter analyzes the conception and design of the pluralistic system of plaintiff in environmental civil public interest litigation according to the content of the third chapter.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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