职务犯罪初查机制完善研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 18:48

本文选题：初查权属性 + 基础信息　；参考：《宁波大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：职务犯罪在狭义上指国家工作人员利用职务之便实施的一种犯罪行为,与普通刑事犯罪相比,其在犯罪主体、作案手段等方面呈现不同特点。当前职务犯罪办案工作存在信息化程度低、初查思维与方式滞后等缺陷,以“疲劳审讯”为主的传统侦查方式已不能适应反腐办案形势的需要。作为立案前置程序,职务犯罪初查是职务犯罪侦查部门对案件线索材料进行调查,核实是否犯罪事实发生的初步调查活动,其有着重要的程序意义。随着即将全面铺开的监察体制改革,监察委员会也会成立相应的职务犯罪调查部门,无论是现行检察机关的反贪、反渎部门,还是监察委的职务犯罪调查部门,在查办职务犯罪案件时,均须将办案工作重心前移至初查阶段,不断完善现行职务犯罪初查机制。完善职务犯罪初查机制,应首先准确定性职务犯罪调查权的权力属性,职务犯罪调查包括初查与侦查,初查权与侦查权的权力属性偏重于行政权。其次,互联网信息时代,随着大数据技术的发展,职务犯罪作案手段呈现智能化、隐蔽化等发展趋势。最后,应充分分析现行职务犯罪初查工作存在的问题,考虑监察体制与刑事司法改革对当前职务犯罪初查工作的影响因素。为此,应确立以下完善职务犯罪初查机制的路径:一是要加强基础信息的采集,主要是通过建立公共信息共享平台等方式采集基础信息;二是应建立职务犯罪情报线索流转机制,包括建立职务犯罪调查部门与其它内设科室、其它单位或部门之间的职务犯罪情报线索流转协作机制,并注重各类基础信息与情报线索的分析与研判;在此基础上,三是应建立规范化、标准化与类型化相结合的精细化职务犯罪初查运行机制,案件类型不同,初查作业方式也不同;四是要结合大数据时代特征,运用智能化、科学化的职务犯罪初查方法,确立初查信息引导侦查审讯工作机制。随着以审判为中心诉讼制度的推进,及非法证据排除规则、律师会见权等的确立,对职务犯罪办案工作提出了更高的要求。而监察委成立后的职务犯罪办案工作,也应遵循法定办案程序,杜绝疲劳审讯等违法违规办案行为,保障律师会见权等权益的落实。因此,完善职务犯罪办案机制,除对反腐资源进行整合、成立监察委员会外,还应突出初查阶段的基础地位,加强基础信息、情报线索的管理与研判工作,确立精细化职务犯罪初查运行机制,综合运用智能化初查方法,从而有效推动职务犯罪初查工作开展。
[Abstract]:In a narrow sense, job-related crime refers to a crime committed by state functionaries by taking advantage of their duties. Compared with ordinary criminal offences, it has different characteristics in the subject of crime, the means of committing crimes, and so on. At present, there are some defects in handling cases of duty crime, such as low information level, lagged thinking and mode of initial investigation, and so on. The traditional investigation method, which is dominated by "fatigue interrogation", can no longer meet the needs of the situation of handling cases against corruption. As a pre-procedure, the initial investigation of duty crime is a preliminary investigation activity that the investigation department of duty crime carries on the investigation to the case clue material, verifies whether the crime fact occurs, it has the important procedure significance. With the upcoming comprehensive reform of the supervisory system, the supervisory committee will also set up a corresponding investigation department for job-related crimes, whether it is the anti-corruption, anti-blasphemy department of the current procuratorial organ, or the duty crime investigation department of the supervisory commission. In investigating and handling job-related crime cases, we must shift the focus of handling cases to the initial investigation stage and constantly improve the existing mechanism of initial investigation of job-related crimes. In order to perfect the mechanism of initial investigation of duty crime, firstly, the power attribute of the right to investigate duty crime should be accurately defined. The investigation of duty crime includes initial investigation and investigation, and the power attribute of the power of initial investigation and investigation focuses on the administrative power. Secondly, with the development of big data technology, the crime means of duty crime presents the trend of intelligence and concealment. Finally, we should fully analyze the problems existing in the initial investigation of current job-related crimes, and consider the influence factors of the supervisory system and the criminal justice reform on the present initial investigation of job-related crimes. To this end, we should establish the following ways to improve the mechanism of initial investigation of job-related crimes: first, to strengthen the collection of basic information, mainly through the establishment of public information sharing platform and other ways to collect basic information; Second, it is necessary to establish a mechanism for the circulation of information clues in job-related crimes, including the establishment of a cooperative mechanism between the investigation departments of job-related crimes and other internal departments, units or departments on the circulation of information clues of job-related crimes. And pay attention to the analysis and judgment of all kinds of basic information and intelligence clues. On the basis of this, we should establish a fine operation mechanism for the initial investigation of duty crimes, which should be standardized, standardized and classified, with different types of cases. Fourth, combining with the characteristics of big data era and using the intelligent and scientific methods of initial investigation of job-related crimes, the mechanism of preliminary investigation should be established to guide the investigation and interrogation. With the advancement of the trial-centered litigation system and the establishment of the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence and the right of lawyers to meet each other, higher demands have been put forward for the handling of job-related crimes. After the establishment of the commission, it is necessary to follow the legal procedure of handling cases, to put an end to the illegal and illegal handling of cases such as fatigue trials, and to ensure the implementation of the rights and interests of lawyers to meet with each other. Therefore, in order to perfect the mechanism of handling cases of job-related crimes, in addition to integrating anti-corruption resources and setting up supervisory committees, we should also highlight the basic position of the initial investigation stage, strengthen the management and study of basic information and intelligence clues. To establish a fine operational mechanism of initial investigation of duty crime and to comprehensively apply the method of intelligent initial investigation, so as to effectively promote the work of initial investigation of duty crime.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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