刑事证人出庭及其衍生问题探究

发布时间：2018-06-05 00:14

本文选题：刑事证人 + 出庭作证　；参考：《河北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：刑事证人出庭作证是维护程序正义和确保实体正义的需要，是检验审判公正的试金石，但是在我国的司法实践当中，证人出庭难的现状至今仍未改变，证人出庭率低一直都是真实的摆在我们面前的难题。完善我国的刑事证人出庭作证制度有着重大的现实意义和司法完善的象征意义。2012年3月14日全国人大通过了修改后的刑事诉讼法，本文从刑事证人出庭作证的基本知识入手介绍并以此次新刑事诉讼法的修改为契机，逐步深入进行讨论。首先，介绍了我国刑事证人出庭作证的基本知识、理论渊源，包括证人出庭作证的概述、证人出庭作证的必要性讨论以及证人作证的理论基础性原则。其次，是对国外刑事证人出庭作证的制度进行了考察与评析，其中主要是证人出庭作证方面立法比较完善的英美法系和大陆法系的典型国家进行的考察。再次，分析我国新刑事法修改前的证人出庭作证的状况及造成这种状况的深层次原因，对新修订的刑事诉讼法中证人出庭作证部分的内容进行详细而全面的解读，肯定此次修改对于我国证人出庭现状改善的积极意义。深刻剖析挖掘出此次修改中的立法不足之处，包括一些模糊的性表述，缺乏可操作性的规定以及一些法律仍未涉及到的空白制度等。最后，结合我国的具体国情积极的借鉴国内外立法的优点，在此次修改刑诉法的基础上提出了进一步完善我国证人出庭制度的一些新的尝试，涉及到进一步扩大证人免证权、设立专门的证人保护法对扩大证人保护范围，明确证人保护机构、证人保护不力的责任划分以及增加和细化、改进证人保护措施等内容的规定从而形成比较完善证人保护的体系、完善对拒绝作证的证人的责任追究机制、尝试建立证人宣誓制度等，以期通过这些努力能对我国证人出庭作证率低的现状的改善起到积极的作用。
[Abstract]:The criminal witness appearing in court to testify is the need to safeguard the procedural justice and ensure the substantive justice, and is the touchstone to test the justice of the trial. However, in the judicial practice of our country, the present situation of the difficulty of the witness appearing in court has not changed up to now. The low attendance rate of witnesses has always been a real problem in front of us. It is of great practical significance and symbolic significance to perfect the system of criminal witness appearing in court in our country. On March 14, 2012, the National people's Congress adopted the revised Criminal procedure Law. This paper introduces the basic knowledge of the criminal witness testifying in court and discusses it step by step with the opportunity of the revision of the new criminal procedure law. First of all, it introduces the basic knowledge and theoretical origin of criminal witnesses appearing in court in our country, including the summary of witnesses appearing in court, the necessity of witnesses to testify in court and the basic theoretical principles of witnesses testifying. Secondly, it makes an investigation and analysis on the system of foreign criminal witnesses appearing in court, mainly from the typical countries of Anglo-American law system and continental law system, where the legislation of witness appearing in court is relatively perfect. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the state of the witnesses appearing in court before the revision of the new criminal law of our country and the deep-seated reasons for this situation, and makes a detailed and comprehensive interpretation of the contents of the part of the witness appearing in court as a witness in the newly revised Criminal procedure Law. Affirm this revision to our country witness present situation to appear in court to improve the positive meaning. It deeply analyzes and excavates the legislative deficiencies in this revision, including some vague statements, lack of operational regulations and blank systems which are still not involved in some laws and so on. Finally, according to the specific conditions of our country and the advantages of domestic and foreign legislation, this paper puts forward some new attempts to further improve the system of witness appearance in our country on the basis of the revision of the Criminal procedure Law, which involves the further expansion of the right to exempt witnesses from testifying. The establishment of a special witness protection law will expand the scope of witness protection, clarify the witness protection organization, divide the responsibility of witness protection insufficiently, and increase and refine the scope of witness protection. To improve the provisions of witness protection measures so as to form a relatively perfect witness protection system, to perfect the accountability mechanism for witnesses who refuse to testify, and to try to establish a witness oath system, etc. Through these efforts, it can play a positive role in improving the present situation of the low rate of witnesses appearing in court in our country.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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