论我国民事诉讼调解检察监督制度的完善

发布时间：2018-06-11 10:30

本文选题：民事诉讼调解 + 检察监督　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：公正与效率的均衡是现代法治社会的基本价值追求。面对日益多样性的社会矛盾纠纷,完备的纠纷解决机制必不可少。我国的民事诉讼调解制度,从本质上来说,也是作为一种对民事判决起补充和替代作用的纠纷解决方式而存在的,因此,是现代多元纠纷解决机制不可或缺的有机组成部分。但我国的民事诉讼调解制度在立法上规定的过于原则化,不利于具体操作,导致司法活动中问题调解类案件的不断产生。具体如新《民事诉讼法》对民事调解检察监督的相关规定采用粗放型立法,致使法条适用争议大,概念界定难等一系列问题的产生,如第二百零八条中“发现”的主体界定关系到检察监督的启动方式,对“国家利益、社会公共利益”的界定则是关系到检察监督范围如何确定,再比如就民事调解检察监督具体程序的规定也存在不足之处,给检察机关行使监督权留下很大的自由裁量空间。本文正文包括四个部分,第一部分是关于民事诉讼调解检察监督制度的基本性概述,首先阐述什么是民事诉讼调解检察监督制度,紧接着分析了民事诉讼调解检察监督权区别于一般法律监督权的特征和原则。第二部分总结出检察机关对民事诉讼调解制度进行必要监督的独特价值所在,对于维护整个国家的司法公正、树立和强化司法权威都有着不可替代的现实意义。第三部分客观分析了我国民事诉讼调解检察监督制度的现存问题,以及导致各类问题的原因。第四部分就现行法律及司法解释中关于民事诉讼调解检察监督的法律规定中仍然存在的缺陷和现实性问题进行总结,提出相应的完善建议,希望在未来的相关立法中扩大我国民事诉讼调解检察监督的范围,如《民事诉讼法》中“损害国家利益、社会公共利益”调解书,增加类型包括“损害第三人合法权益”,使案外第三人依托检察监督制度进而获得救济;强调注意区分抗诉与检察建议适用不同调解类型的案件;建立衔接机制等,确保民事诉讼调解检察监督制度能够全面、准确、有效实施。
[Abstract]:The balance between justice and efficiency is the basic value pursuit of modern society ruled by law. In the face of increasingly diverse social contradictions and disputes, a complete dispute resolution mechanism is essential. The mediation system of civil action in our country, in essence, also exists as a kind of dispute settlement method which is complementary to and substitute for civil judgment. Therefore, it is an indispensable part of the modern pluralistic dispute resolution mechanism. However, the system of civil litigation mediation in our country is too principled in legislation, which is not conducive to concrete operation and leads to the continuous emergence of mediation cases in judicial activities. Specifically, for example, the new Civil procedure Law adopts extensive legislation on the relevant provisions of the procuratorial supervision of civil mediation, resulting in a series of problems, such as the dispute over the application of the law, the difficulty in defining the concept, and so on. For example, the definition of the subject of "discovery" in Article 208 is related to the starting mode of procuratorial supervision, and the definition of "national interest, social public interest" is related to how to determine the scope of procuratorial supervision. For example, the provisions on the specific procedures of civil mediation procuratorial supervision also have shortcomings, leaving a lot of discretion for the procuratorial organs to exercise the supervisory power. The text of this paper includes four parts, the first part is about the basic overview of the procuratorial supervision system of civil litigation mediation, first of all, it expounds what is the civil litigation mediation procuratorial supervision system. Then it analyzes the characteristics and principles of the procuratorial supervision power of civil litigation mediation which is different from the general legal supervision power. The second part summarizes the unique value of the procuratorial organs to the necessary supervision of the mediation system of civil proceedings, which is of irreplaceable practical significance for safeguarding the judicial justice of the whole country and establishing and strengthening the judicial authority. The third part objectively analyzes the existing problems of the procuratorial supervision system of civil litigation mediation in China, and the causes of all kinds of problems. The fourth part summarizes the defects and practical problems in the current law and judicial interpretation about the civil litigation mediation procuratorial supervision, and puts forward the corresponding improvement suggestions. The author hopes to expand the scope of procuratorial supervision of mediation in civil litigation in the future, such as "damage to the interests of the state and public interest" in the Civil procedure Law, and the additional types include "harming the legitimate rights and interests of the third party". To enable the third party outside the case to rely on the procuratorial supervision system to obtain relief; to emphasize that attention should be paid to distinguishing between the protest and the procuratorial proposal to apply different types of mediation cases; and to establish a bridging mechanism to ensure that the procuratorial supervision system for civil litigation mediation can be comprehensive and accurate. Effective implementation.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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