隐匿身份侦查相关证据问题的域外考察

发布时间：2018-06-29 02:32

本文选题：隐匿身份侦查 + 证据能力　；参考：《社会科学研究》2014年03期

【摘要】：隐匿身份侦查指的是侦查人员或受委托侦查的人员隐匿其真实身份实施的侦查。各国立法与实践,都概括性地认可了隐匿身份侦查所获取的证据的证据能力。但是,没有经过授权的隐匿身份侦查,其所获得证据,形同违法取得的证据,没有证据能力,这是绝对证据排除法则。对恣意授权、逾越授权和口头授权则必须区分对待。隐匿身份侦查秘密性与其他诉讼规则存在冲突与调和。隐匿身份侦查的侦查人员或受委托人员一般具有证人资格。国外司法对隐匿身份侦查所获得的物证、书证等证据都持较为宽松的态度。隐匿身份侦查人员获取的被害人陈述一般不应具有证据资格。隐匿身份侦查人员获取的犯罪嫌疑人口供的证据能力主要考虑两个因素:身份伪装是否对自由意志具有强制性;隐匿身份侦查的具体手段是否对自由意志具有强制性。
[Abstract]:The investigation of concealing identity refers to the investigation carried out by investigators or entrusted investigators who conceal their real identity. The legislation and practice of various countries have generally recognized the evidence ability obtained by the investigation of concealing identity. However, without authorization to conceal identity, the evidence obtained is similar to illegal evidence, and there is no evidence capacity, which is the absolute rule of evidence exclusion. A distinction must be made between arbitrary, transgressive and verbal authorizations. There are conflicts and conciliations between secret investigation and other procedural rules. Investigators or authorized persons who conceal their identity generally have the qualification of witnesses. The foreign judicature holds a more lenient attitude towards the material evidence, documentary evidence and other evidence obtained in the investigation of concealing identity. Generally speaking, the victim statement obtained by the investigators should not be qualified as evidence. There are two main factors in the evidence ability of the criminal suspect's confession obtained by the secret investigator: whether the identity camouflage is mandatory to the free will and whether the specific means of concealing the identity investigation have the compulsion to the free will.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学情态证据研究所;西南政法大学刑事侦查学院;
【分类号】：D925.2

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