检察机关适用非法证据排除规则研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 15:00

本文选题：非法证据排除 + 审前阶段　；参考：《华中科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：威克斯诉美国一案确立了非法证据排除规则,目前被世界上很多国家和地区采纳和吸收。我国刑事诉讼法以立法的方式加以明确规定。在我国,检察机关不仅行使职务犯罪侦查权和公诉权,还行使法律监督的职权。参与全程的特点和独特的诉讼属性是检察机关的双重任务,检察机关排除非法证据决定了其在诉讼中的重要效能。近年来,因刑讯逼供、侵犯人权、冤假错案频发,使得非法证据排除规则在中国的发展成为热点问题。在本文中,比较分析、文献分析和案例分析相结合,从非法证据在刑事诉讼中被予以起诉的角度进行分析。首先,介绍检察机关适用非法证据排除规则概说。该部分着重包含以下内容:定义了非法证据排除规则的概念;检察机关适用的法理分析和理论剖析。其次,归纳审前阶段我国检察机关适用非法证据排除规则的现状,该部分主要是从审前批捕和审查起诉两个阶段介绍我国目前的适用状况。再次,从前一部分的归纳内容中可以总结出如下几点问题:第一,该规则缺乏一定的操作性;第二,检察机关有消极适用该规则的情况;第三,案外因素的影响;第四,舆论越位干扰。然后,进行域外考察。从大陆法系和英美法系中选取典型国家的立法例及判例,总结可供我国参考的启示与借鉴。最后,以分析我国已有做法和域外经验为基石,对于检察机关在适用该规则的诸多实践难题予以回应。完善建议主要包括:完善检察机关适用非法证据排除规则的程序、建立检察机关内部激励机制、切实建立防止干预司法的“防火墙”;实现检察机关与社会舆论的良性互动。
[Abstract]:Wilkes v. United States established the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence, which has been adopted and absorbed by many countries and regions in the world. The criminal procedure law of our country is clearly stipulated by way of legislation. In our country, the procuratorial organ not only exercises the power of investigation and prosecution, but also exercises the power of legal supervision. It is the double task of the procuratorial organs to participate in the whole process and the unique nature of the litigation. The procuratorial organs exclude the illegal evidence and determine its important effectiveness in the litigation. In recent years, illegal evidence exclusion rules have become a hot issue in China because of torture, human rights violations and false cases. In this paper, comparative analysis, literature analysis and case analysis are combined to analyze the prosecution of illegal evidence in criminal proceedings. First of all, the introduction of procuratorial organs to apply illegal evidence exclusion rules. This part mainly includes the following contents: the definition of the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence, the legal analysis and theoretical analysis applied by the procuratorial organ. Secondly, the author summarizes the current situation of the application of the rule of exclusion of illegal evidence by the procuratorial organs in the pre-trial stage, which mainly introduces the current situation of application in our country from the two stages of pretrial arrest and examination and prosecution. Thirdly, in the previous part of the inductive content, the following problems can be summed up: first, the rule lacks some maneuverability; second, the procuratorial organ has the situation of negative application of the rule; third, the influence of factors outside the case; and fourth, Public opinion interferes offside. Then, carry on the overseas investigation. From the continental law system and the Anglo-American law system, we select the typical countries' legislative cases and precedents, and summarize the enlightenment and reference for our country's reference. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the existing practice and overseas experience of our country, the procuratorial organs respond to many practical problems in the application of the rule. The perfection suggestion mainly includes: perfecting the procedure of procuratorial organ applying the rule of excluding illegal evidence, establishing the internal incentive mechanism of procuratorial organ, establishing the "firewall" of preventing judicial interference, and realizing the benign interaction between procuratorial organ and public opinion.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.2

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