我国民事案件受理制度渐进式改革的思考

发布时间：2018-07-28 12:31

【摘要】：为保障当事人诉权,实现程序正义,十八届四中全会全面推行立案登记制改革。但囿于我国的特殊国情、法律自身的局限以及改革缺乏系统性的理论支撑,在运作过程中出现了立案数量“井喷”、法院变相剥夺诉权、原告不当行使诉权等问题。因此,在重构案件受理制度时应当充分考虑我国国情,以大陆法系通用模式——期日制为模本,走渐进式改革道路;又要谋求改革的正当化依据,辅之以诉之评价位阶理论。在渐进式的改革路径里,案件受理模式应当由诉状的形式审查和职权主义送达组成,如若诉状欠缺必要记载事项,法官可责令补正或驳回诉状。整个模式融合了辩论主义、处分权主义、职权进行主义与职权送达主义,在削减职权主义因素的同时加大了对诉权与当事人在程序中主体地位的保护。随着改革道路推向纵深,我国的案件受理模式必然向当事人主义模式趋同化发展。
[Abstract]:In order to protect the litigant's right of action and realize the procedural justice, the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee carried out the reform of the registration system. However, due to the special national conditions of our country, the limitation of the law itself and the lack of systematic theoretical support for the reform, the number of cases "blowout" appeared in the course of operation, the court took away the right of action in disguise, the plaintiff improperly exercised the right of action, and so on. Therefore, when reconstructing the system of accepting cases, we should fully consider the national conditions of our country, take the common mode of civil law system-the Japanese system of civil law as the model, take the path of gradual reform, and seek the justification basis of the reform, supplemented by the theory of appraising rank of litigation. In the gradual reform path, the mode of case acceptance should be composed of formal review of pleadings and service of authority. If the pleadings do not have the necessary records, the judge may order them to correct or reject the pleadings. The whole model combines the doctrine of debate, the doctrine of disposition, the doctrine of authority and the doctrine of service, which reduces the factor of authority and strengthens the protection of the right of action and the principal position of the party in the procedure. With the deepening of the reform, the mode of accepting cases in our country is bound to assimilate to the mode of litigant doctrine.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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