民事案件“调解优先”政策再思考——以新《民事诉讼法》先行调解制度为视角

发布时间：2018-08-26 17:38

【摘要】：目前的民事案件调解优先政策在实践中容易引发强迫调解问题。近期的司法实践表明,新《民事诉讼法》所确立的先行调解制度不但无助于解决该问题,还存在将其进一步放大的风险。通过对法院调解的V字型历史趋势以及调解过程中法官与当事人地位的分析,我们可以发现,强迫调解的根源在于我国法官对于调解本身掌握了过强的主导权和控制力,这种权力与近年来法院面临的客观困难相结合形成了法院的调解偏好,中国社会纠纷的现实状况又给调解制造了大量的客观障碍。法院的调解偏好与调解在中国社会的现实障碍相冲突,才引发了强迫调解。在无法彻底放弃调解优先政策的现实条件下,应改革现行的法院调解考核机制,增加评价指标,将案件具体情况与当事人自然状况作为考虑因素共同纳入考核体系。
[Abstract]:The current priority policy of mediation in civil cases is apt to trigger the problem of forced mediation in practice. Recent judicial practice shows that the first mediation system established in the new Civil procedure Law is not only unhelpful to solve this problem, but also has the risk of further amplifying it. By analyzing the historical trend of court mediation and the position of judges and parties in the process of mediation, we can find that the root of forced mediation lies in the fact that the judges in our country have too much dominant power and control over mediation itself. The combination of this power with the objective difficulties faced by the courts in recent years has formed the court's preference for mediation, and the reality of social disputes in China has created a large number of objective obstacles to mediation. The court's preference for mediation conflicts with the realistic obstacles of mediation in Chinese society, which leads to forced mediation. Under the realistic condition that the preferential policy of mediation can not be given up thoroughly, we should reform the current court mediation assessment mechanism, increase the evaluation index, and take the specific situation of the case and the natural condition of the parties as the consideration factors into the appraisal system.
【作者单位】：西南财经大学法学院;
【基金】：2013年四川省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究基地基层司法能力中心项目重点课题“先行调解制度背景下法官能动性研究”(jcsf2013-08)
【分类号】：D925.1

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