刑事对质权研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 18:52

【摘要】：刑事对质权是被告人在刑事诉讼过程中所享有的一项基本权利。近年来我国学术界对被告人对质权的研究越来越多,司法案例也加强了被告人权利的保护,特别是党的十八届四中全会将审判中心改革提高到重要地位,而我们知道,审判中心的优越性及其实现一定是要集中在庭审上,庭审的生命力又在于双方的对抗性,那么被告人对质权的赋予正是通过保障一种均衡的对抗来促进审判中心改革的。鉴于我国暂时对被告人对质权的保护问题依然不容乐观,本文从基本权利的角度着手研究对质权。首先,对于被告人对质权的一些基本问题做了简单界定,明确了对质权的丰富内涵,并对学术上关于对质权存在的两方争议做了具体介绍,提出本文将从基本权利的立场来研究对质权。而且就目前对质权发展存在质疑的现象,将对质权的发展趋势做了简单阐明,并进一步分析了赋予被告人对质权在我国诉讼程序和实体双重的价值意义。其次,在肯定对质权研究的必要性基础上,从法律制度、司法实践两个层面介绍了我国刑事对质权的发展现状和问题。就当前来看我国的刑事诉讼法立法缺少规范,司法解释对刑事对质的规定不一致,存在法律的矛盾和冲突等,同时证人出庭难也导致对质权虚置,这些问题背后实际上受我国政治制度传统文化和法律制度等深层因素影响。再次,通过介绍域外对质的一般规定,比较大陆法系、英美法系和国际人权法对质的特点,大陆法系的二元制诉讼与英美国家的一元制在对质的构造上有较大区别,但都对对质有了比较充分的保障,或在审前阶段规定了对质,或以对质权的形式保障。最后,结合我国现状及国外对质的有益规定,力求首先要在我国赋予被告人权利保障意义上的对质权以打破根深蒂固的查明事实的工具性定位,进而完善对质权的基本原则和内容,并提出相应的保障措施和限制性条件。
[Abstract]:The criminal right of pledge is a basic right enjoyed by the accused in the process of criminal proceedings. In recent years, there have been more and more researches on the defendant's right to pledge in the academic circles of our country, and judicial cases have also strengthened the protection of the defendant's rights. In particular, the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee raised the reform of the judicial center to an important position, and we know that, The superiority of the trial center and its realization must be concentrated on the trial, and the vitality of the trial lies in the adversarial of both sides, so the defendant endows the pledge right to promote the reform of the trial center by ensuring a balanced confrontation. In view of the fact that the protection of the defendant's pledge right is still not optimistic, this paper studies the pledge right from the angle of basic rights. First of all, the author makes a simple definition of some basic issues of the defendant's pledge right, clarifies the rich connotation of the pledge right, and makes a specific introduction to the academic dispute on the existence of the pledge right. This article will study the right of pledge from the standpoint of basic rights. Furthermore, this paper briefly clarifies the development trend of pledge right, and further analyzes the dual value meaning of giving defendant pledge right in our country's litigation procedure and entity. Secondly, on the basis of affirming the necessity of studying the pledge right, this paper introduces the present situation and problems of the development of the criminal pledge right in our country from the two aspects of legal system and judicial practice. As far as the current situation is concerned, the legislation of our criminal procedure law lacks norms, the provisions of the judicial interpretation on criminal confrontation are inconsistent, there are contradictions and conflicts of laws, and the difficulty of witnesses appearing in court also leads to the virtual establishment of the pledge right. These problems are actually influenced by the traditional culture and legal system of our political system. Thirdly, by introducing the general provisions of extra-territorial confrontation, comparing the characteristics of civil law system, common law system and international human rights law, the dualistic litigation of civil law system is different from the monism system of Anglo-American countries in the structure of confrontation. But there are more adequate guarantees for confrontation, or in the pretrial stage of confrontation, or in the form of pledge protection. Finally, in combination with the present situation of our country and the beneficial provisions of foreign confrontation, we strive to first of all try to break the deep-rooted instrumental orientation of finding out the facts in the sense of guaranteeing the rights of the accused in our country. Then the basic principles and contents of pledge rights are improved, and the corresponding safeguard measures and restrictive conditions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：广州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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