论我国民事诉讼责问权制度的构建

发布时间：2018-09-10 12:41

【摘要】：责问权是一方当事人针对对方当事人或者法院的程序瑕疵行为而具有的提出异议并要求他们更正的一项程序性权利。我国民事诉讼法未明确规定如何处理程序瑕疵行为,因此赋予当事人责问权,有利于治愈程序瑕疵,有利于完善现有的诉讼行为异议制度,有利于保障程序公正并提高诉讼效益。诉讼模式的转换与程序正义理念的树立是我国构建责问权的理论基础,而现行程序异议制度、法官惩戒机制则是我国构建民事诉讼责问权的制度基础。我国民事诉讼责问权制度构建过程中须明确以下几个方面:(1)责问权的主体是广义范畴上的一方当事人,且共同诉讼人之间可以相互行使责问权。(2)责问权的客体是当事人或法院的程序瑕疵行为,与诉讼行为的内容无关。(3)责问权的行使应当遵循及时与合法原则,当事人应当在瑕疵诉讼行为所在的言词辩论期间或者辩论终结前以口头或者书面的形式向法院行使责问权。(4)对于当事人或法院违反强制性规范的诉讼行为,法律不允许责问权的放弃。(5)当事人不服法院就责问事项作出的裁定的,可以申请复议一次。并且,当事人以一审法院未予理睬其责问或未纠正瑕疵行为为由提起上诉,二审法院应当支持。本文正文欲从四部分的内容展开论述,具体如下:第一部分,对责问权的内涵与制度原理做了介绍。一方面,从责问权的内涵及其特征入手,简述了域外责问权制度的主要内容。另一方面,从诉讼行为的效力与程序安定的价值谈起,介绍责问权的起源与功能。第二部分,对我国构建责问权制度的必要性做了介绍。分别从完善现有诉讼行为异议制度的角度与治愈程序瑕疵行为的角度阐述。第三部分,对我国构建责问权制度的理论基础与制度基础做了介绍。诉讼模式的转换与程序正义理念的树立是我国构建责问权的理论基础,而现有程序异议制度、法官惩戒机制则是我国构建民事诉讼责问权的制度基础。第四部分,阐述了我国构建责问权制度的具体构想。具体阐述了责问权的行使要件、行使规则、行使程序和结果等内容。
[Abstract]:The right of censure is a procedural right that a party challenges and asks for correction against the procedural defects of the other party or the court. The civil procedure law of our country has not clearly stipulated how to deal with the defective act of procedure, so giving the party the right to question is beneficial to cure the defect of procedure and to perfect the existing dissent system of litigation act. It is beneficial to safeguard the procedural justice and improve the benefit of litigation. The transformation of litigation mode and the establishment of the concept of procedural justice are the theoretical basis of constructing the right of censure in our country, while the current system of procedural dissent and the mechanism of judge's punishment are the institutional basis of constructing the right of civil litigation. The following aspects should be defined in the process of constructing the system of civil litigation accountability in China: (1) the subject of the right of accountability is a party in a broad sense. And the joint litigants may exercise the right of censure among themselves. (2) the object of the right of censure is the defective act of procedure of the parties or the court, and has nothing to do with the content of the action. (3) the exercise of the right of censure shall follow the principles of timeliness and legality, The parties shall exercise their right to question the court orally or in writing during the verbal debate or before the conclusion of the debate. (4) in the case of an action by the party or the court that violates the peremptory norm, The law does not permit the waiver of the right to censure. (5) if a party disagrees with a ruling made by a court on a matter of censure, he may apply for reconsideration. Moreover, the court of second instance should support the appeal on the grounds that the court of first instance did not pay attention to its questioning or failure to correct the defective behavior. The main body of this paper is to discuss the content of four parts, as follows: the first part, the connotation of the right to question and the principles of the system are introduced. On the one hand, starting with the connotation and characteristics of the right of censure, the main contents of the system of the right of extraneous censure are briefly described. On the other hand, it introduces the origin and function of the right of questioning from the point of view of the effectiveness of litigation and the value of procedural stability. The second part introduces the necessity of constructing the system of responsibility and questioning in our country. From the point of view of perfecting the existing dissent system of litigation act and curing the defective behavior of procedure respectively. The third part introduces the theoretical basis and institutional basis of constructing the system of responsibility right in our country. The transformation of litigation mode and the establishment of the concept of procedural justice are the theoretical basis of constructing the right of censure in our country, while the existing system of procedural dissent and the mechanism of judge's punishment are the institutional basis of constructing the right of civil litigation. The fourth part, elaborated our country constructs the responsibility right system concrete idea. This paper expounds the elements, rules, procedures and results of the exercise of the right of censure.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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