基于非法采伐行政处罚的行政诉讼案例研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 08:42

【摘要】：林业行政处罚是我国行政处罚体系的重要组成部分,在保护森林资源、惩治林业违法行为、规范林业执法、促进依法行政等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。近年来,我国出台了一系列林业行政处罚规定,包括《森林法》、《行政处罚法》等法律、《森林法实施条例》等行政法规、《林业行政处罚程序规定》、《林业行政执法监督办法》、《林业行政处罚听证规则》等部门规章。行政诉讼是公民、法人和其他组织认为行政主体的具体行政行为侵犯其合法权益而提起的诉讼,其特点是能够直观地反映行政相对人和行政机关之间的矛盾与争议,一定程度上反映出具体行政行为存在的问题。笔者通过统计分析非法采伐行政处罚的行政诉讼案例,发现围绕行政处罚的主体、管辖与分工、处罚程序和处罚依据这四个方面出现的问题较为集中。本文以非法采伐行政处罚的行政诉讼案例为研究对象,以法学理论和立法分析为主线进行规范性分析;再根据样本案例,统计分析林业行政机关在处罚主体、管辖与分工、处罚程序、处罚依据这几方面的现状,对样本数据进行描述性分析,对典型案件进行深入探讨,从而梳理出我国非法采伐行政处罚中存在的问题,借鉴国外的林业行政管理制度对规范我国的非法采伐行政处罚提出完善建议。案例研究结果表明,我国非法采伐行政处罚在现实中存在以下问题:相关立法规定笼统不具体,对主体权限和管辖争议解决方式的规定缺乏可操作性;对调查程序的证据规定不具体,对听证程序的范围限制不合理,对听证笔录的规定不详细;对工作人员违反行政处罚程序缺乏有力的惩罚性责任规定;缺乏全面的行政处罚监督体系,对行政机关工作人员的追责制度和培训制度不完善;缺乏相应的信息互通机制和处罚基准制度。并根据结果提出相应建议:协调细化对主体和程序的相关规定、引入行政裁量基准制度、健全行政监督体系、加强行政人员素质培养、建立案件信息互通机制、规范行政处罚相关程序。
[Abstract]:Forestry administrative punishment is an important part of our country's administrative punishment system, which plays an irreplaceable role in protecting forest resources, punishing forestry illegal behavior, standardizing forestry law enforcement and promoting administration by law. In recent years, China has issued a series of regulations on forestry administrative penalties, including the Forestry Law, the Administrative punishment Law, and other administrative laws and regulations, the Forestry Law implementation regulations, the Forestry Administrative penalty procedure provisions, etc. Measures for the Supervision of Forestry Administrative Law Enforcement, rules for hearing Forestry Administrative penalties, and other departmental regulations. Administrative litigation is a lawsuit brought by citizens, legal persons and other organizations who believe that the specific administrative acts of administrative subjects violate their legitimate rights and interests. Its characteristics are that it can directly reflect the contradictions and disputes between administrative counterparts and administrative organs. To some extent, it reflects the problems existing in specific administrative acts. Through the statistical analysis of administrative litigation cases of illegal logging administrative punishment, the author finds that the problems around the subject of administrative punishment, jurisdiction and division of labor, punishment procedure and punishment basis are relatively concentrated. This article takes the administrative lawsuit case of illegal logging administrative penalty as the research object, taking the legal theory and the legislative analysis as the main line to carry on the normative analysis; Then according to the sample case, the paper makes a statistical analysis on the present situation of the forestry administrative organ in the aspects of punishment subject, jurisdiction and division of labor, punishment procedure and punishment basis, carries on the descriptive analysis to the sample data, and carries on the thorough discussion to the typical case. In order to sort out the problems existing in illegal logging administrative punishment in our country, and draw lessons from foreign forestry administrative management system to standardize illegal logging administrative punishment in our country put forward some perfect suggestions. The result of the case study shows that the administrative punishment of illegal logging in our country has the following problems in reality: the relevant legislative provisions are general and not specific, and the provisions on the subject's jurisdiction and the way of jurisdiction dispute settlement are lack of operability; The provisions on the evidence of the investigation procedure are not specific, the scope of the hearing procedure is unreasonable, the provisions on the record of the hearing are not detailed, and there is no effective punitive liability provision for the staff member to violate the procedure of administrative punishment; There is a lack of comprehensive supervision system of administrative punishment, imperfection of accountability system and training system for administrative staff, and lack of corresponding information exchange mechanism and penalty benchmark system. According to the results, some suggestions are put forward: to coordinate and refine the relevant provisions on the subject and procedure, to introduce the administrative discretion benchmark system, to perfect the administrative supervision system, to strengthen the quality training of administrative personnel, and to establish the mechanism of case information exchange. Standardize procedures related to administrative penalties.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3

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