刑事再审申诉问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-25 10:04

【摘要】：刑事再审申诉作为再审程序启动重要条件之一,其相关制度的完善与否关乎着再审程序启动的合理性、正确性,防止再审程序随意启动或严格闭合。我国当前的刑事再审申诉处于一个很不完备的阶段,现有的刑事再审申诉相关的法律规定也不够健全、不够细化,还没有形成完备的刑事再审申诉程序。一方面伴随着大量刑事再审申诉案件涌入法院、检察院,办案人员长期承担着大量刑事案件的审查、复查的办案压力,也肩负着涉诉信访等工作;另一方面当事人及其法定代理人、近亲属对生效裁判的申诉仅作为法检两院提起审判监督程序的材料来源之一,对于确实存在的冤假错案的当事人,在试图通过刑事申诉维护自身权利的过程中存在许多不便和障碍,难以确保申诉权的实现。此外,也有一些当事人因不满意申诉结果而滥用诉权,缠讼、闹访等“信访不信法”的现象时有发生,已经严重影响社会秩序和公共安全。几年来一起起冤假错案浮出水面,不仅引起来社会的广泛关注,同时刑事再审申诉复查的实质性也遭受公众的质疑。因此,为切实保障当事人的基本人权,实现公平正义,解决目前刑事再审申诉困难、申诉程序混乱不清,申诉审查行政化等局面,有必要完善对刑事再审申诉的相关规定。本文以我国刑事再审申诉的价值及重要意义为切入点,通过对刑事再审申诉的现状进行分析,总结出目前存在的如刑事再审申诉条件不明确,造成申诉门槛过低;刑事申诉复查机制不健全,难以保障再审申诉有效审查;再审申诉过程中律师参与不足;重大冤案缺乏特殊救济渠道等几个方面的问题,并对比借鉴、参考国外的相关实践经验,结合我国国情,提出相应的完善建议。
[Abstract]:Criminal retrial appeal is one of the important conditions for the retrial procedure to start. Whether the relevant system is perfect or not is related to the rationality and correctness of the retrial procedure and prevents the retrial procedure from starting at will or strictly closed. The current criminal retrial appeal in our country is in a very incomplete stage, the existing criminal retrial appeal related legal provisions are not perfect enough, not detailed enough, has not formed a complete criminal retrial appeal procedure. On the one hand, with a large number of criminal retrial appeal cases pouring into the court, procuratorates, case handlers have a long period of time to undertake a large number of criminal cases review of the pressure to handle cases, but also bear the burden of litigation letters and visits. On the other hand, the appeal of the parties and their legal representatives, the close relatives, against the effective decision is only one of the sources of material for the judicial supervision proceedings initiated by both chambers of the procuratorate. There are many inconveniences and obstacles in the process of trying to protect one's rights through criminal appeal, so it is difficult to ensure the realization of the right of appeal. In addition, some litigants abuse their right of action because they are not satisfied with the result of the complaint, such as "petition or not believing in the law", which has seriously affected social order and public security. Over the past few years, a case of injustice, falsehood and error has surfaced, drawing attention not only to the society, but also to the public's doubts about the substance of the review of criminal retrial complaints. Therefore, in order to protect the basic human rights of the parties, realize fairness and justice, resolve the difficulties of the present criminal retrial appeal, the appeal procedure is not clear, and the appeal review is administrative, it is necessary to perfect the relevant provisions of the criminal retrial appeal. This article regards the value and significance of criminal retrial appeal as the breakthrough point, through the analysis of the present situation of criminal retrial appeal, concludes that the existing conditions of criminal retrial appeal are not clear, resulting in the appeal threshold is too low; The review mechanism of criminal appeal is not perfect, it is difficult to guarantee the effective examination of retrial appeal, the lawyer's participation in the process of retrial appeal is insufficient; The major grievance cases lack special relief channels and so on. This paper compares and draws lessons from the relevant practical experiences of foreign countries and puts forward corresponding suggestions for perfection in combination with the national conditions of our country.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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