侦查阶段命案鉴定若干问题观察与反思--以A省28起命案卷宗为样本

发布时间：2018-12-27 14:18

【摘要】：以28起命案样本研究发现,命案鉴定主要存在鉴定程序有错误、鉴定文书内容不合理及鉴定文书形式要件欠缺等问题。究其原因,主要与法律保留的规范密度欠缺、鉴定意见受到侦查机关的过度信任与法医鉴定人员的专业化不足等因素有关。从整体上看,命案鉴定效率与公正之磨合、命案鉴定内容线索性质与证据性质的法律效力之混同以及命案法医鉴定主体的大众化和精英化之矛盾等方面值得反思。侦查阶段(命案)鉴定机制需要在三个方面予以改革:在鉴定程序上,应从侦查便宜走向公开公正;在鉴定意见内容效力上,应区分线索与证据类型;在鉴定主体上,应从大众化过渡到精英化。
[Abstract]:Based on the study of 28 homicide cases, it is found that there are some problems in the identification of homicide cases, such as errors in the identification procedure, unreasonable contents of the identification documents and lack of formal elements of the identification documents. The reasons are mainly due to the lack of normative density reserved by the law, the excessive trust of the investigation organs and the lack of specialization of forensic experts. From the overall point of view, the combination of efficiency and justice of homicide identification, the confusion of legal effect between the content of homicide identification and the nature of evidence, as well as the contradiction between the popularization and elite of the subject of forensic identification of homicide cases, etc. In the investigation stage (homicide case) appraisal mechanism needs to be reformed in three aspects: in the appraisal procedure, it should be changed from the cheap investigation to the open and fair, the validity of the content of the appraisal opinion should be distinguished from the clue and the type of evidence; In the appraisal main body, should transition from the popularization to the elite.
【作者单位】：甘肃政法学院;
【基金】：甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目“甘肃省公安机关刑事司法法治发展指数研究”(YB063) 2013年甘肃省属高校基本科研业务费项目“西部地区精神病人刑事司法处遇机制实证研究” 甘肃政法学院重点项目“酌定量刑情节作用机制实证研究”(2016XZD06)成果
【分类号】：D925.2

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