司法独立的制度实践:经验考察与理论再思

发布时间：2019-02-12 19:08

【摘要】：当今世界,关于司法独立制度存在着许多理论和实践的迷思,但忽略了其在各国运行状况最基本的经验事实。文本基于国际相关重要数据库和指标,对全球、尤其是典型发展中国家司法独立制度运行实践进行初步考察,发现司法独立有着诸多与人们的日常认知所不完全一致的方面。迄今为止,司法独立的制度在绝大多数第三世界国家移植的实践并不成功,说明仅有法律和政治制度的保障并不足够,真正实现司法的独立性还需要一系列内在条件,以及物质与经费、法官任职保障等机制的支撑,并受历史和社会条件的影响。当然,对于第三世界国家的司法改革而言,其中也蕴含了许多值得重视和借鉴的积极因素与科学设计,需要做出清醒而认真的区辩与选择。
[Abstract]:In today's world, there are many theoretical and practical myths about the judicial independence system, but it ignores the most basic empirical facts of its operation in various countries. Based on relevant international databases and indicators, this paper makes a preliminary investigation on the practice of judicial independence system in the world, especially in typical developing countries, and finds that judicial independence has many aspects that are not completely consistent with people's daily cognition. To date, the practice of transplanting the system of judicial independence in the vast majority of third world countries has not been successful, indicating that the guarantees of the legal and political systems alone are not sufficient, and that the real realization of the independence of the judiciary requires a series of inherent conditions. And material and funds, judges tenure guarantee and other mechanisms, and affected by historical and social conditions. Of course, for the judicial reform of the third world countries, it also contains many positive factors and scientific design worthy of attention and reference, so it is necessary to make sober and serious regional debate and choice.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院法学研究所;
【基金】：教育部项目《非常态社会事件与人民法院的社会治理功能:历史、实践与理论》(10YJC820173) 中国法学会课题《司法改革实证研究》(CLS-Y1002)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D916

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