我国侦查权的程序控制
发布时间：2019-06-10 09:29
【摘要】：本文拟对从程序控制的角度,对公安机关刑事侦查权的控制问题进行研究。2012年刑事诉讼法的修改通过非法证据排除的完善等加强了对公安机关侦查权的控制,但是从学界讨论及司法实践来看,公安机关侦查违法的情形层出不穷且屡纠屡犯,刑讯逼供等严重侦查违法还时有发生,如何有效控制侦查权力的良性运行、保障犯罪嫌疑人的基本权利依然是刑事诉讼中亟待解决的问题。党的十八届四中全会“推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革”“规范司法程序”系列司法改革对侦查权的程序控制提出了新要求,在司法改革背景下完善我国侦查权的程序控制就有了现实意义。侦查权的程序控制是指公安机关在行使侦查权时必须受到法定程序和正当程序的制约和保障。从现有的立法规定来看,我国公安机关享有的侦查权内容涉及广泛,但基于程序控制的必要性以及可行性并结合司法实践中出现的问题,本文集中讨论了立案权、讯问权、搜查权、逮捕权、鉴定权以及技术侦查权的程序控制问题。本文立足于司法实践,通过调研走访了解公安机关侦查权在实践中的运行状况,在明确侦查权程序控制的现状和缺陷的前提下,借鉴域外侦查权程序控制的合理因素,提出完善我国侦查权程序控制的具体措施。本文认为,侦查权的程序控制有其存在的理论基础。侦查权的强制暴力性、主动性和单方性、扩张性和侵犯性以及秘密性等本质属性决定了其运行必须受到正当程序的规制,正当程序理念和强制侦查法定原则要求在侦查过程中使用强制侦查措施要符合法律规定的实体要件和程序要件。讨论我国侦查权的程序控制应坚持以下理念:保障犯罪嫌疑人、被害人及社会公众的基本权利,保障侦查权良性运行,突出侦查权的基础性与初始性地位,权力限制与自由裁量相平衡,突出侦查权重点权项的程序控制。本文对侦查权程序控制的立法现状和实践状况进行探讨和分析,从目前的法律规定来看,我国现有的侦查权控制程序总体上表现为以内部控制为主、检察机关的审查与监督为辅、其他控制形式为补充的程序控权机制。从实践中的调研情况来看,侦查机关的内部程序控制和检察机关的监督程序均发挥了一定的控制效果并呈现出新的特征。本文对我国侦查权程序控制的缺陷进行了分析。侦查权程序控制从总体控制效果来看,内部控制不足,检察监督乏力,程序性制裁仍存有缺陷。侦查权具体权项的控制程序也存在着许多不足,如立案权的审查和监督程序随意性大,非羁押状态下的侦查讯问权未得到规制,搜查权审批流于形式,审查批捕程序诉讼化构造畸形,鉴定权缺乏外部制约程序等。本文提出了改革完善我国侦查权程序控制的建议。在明确侦查权程序控制的现状和缺陷的前提下,综合借鉴域外侦查权程序控制的合理因素,提出了完善我国侦查权程序控制整体的改革思路和具体完善措施,整体思路是加速程序正义司法理念形成,构建诉讼化的审查程序,建立程序性制裁体系以及增强诉权制约侦查权程序。
[Abstract]:This paper intends to study the control of the criminal investigation right of the public security organ from the point of view of program control. The amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law in 2012 has strengthened the control of the investigation right of the public security organ through the perfection of the rule of the exclusion of the illegal evidence, but from the discussion of the academic circle and the judicial practice, In order to ensure the effective control of the benign operation of the investigation power, the basic right of the criminal suspect is still a problem to be solved in the criminal procedure. The "To push forward the reform of the litigation system centered on the trial" of the 18th CPC Central Committee of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) put forward new requirements on the control of In the background of judicial reform, it is of practical significance to perfect the procedure control of the investigation right in our country. The program control of the investigation right means that the public security organ must be subject to the restriction and guarantee of the legal procedure and due process in the exercise of the investigation power. The contents of the investigation power of the public security organs of our country are extensive, but based on the necessity and feasibility of program control and the problems that arise in the judicial practice, this paper focuses on the right of filing, the right of interrogation, the right to search and the right of right of investigation. This paper is based on the judicial practice, through the investigation and visit to know the health of the investigation right of the public security organ, and on the premise of clear the current situation and the defect of the control of the investigation right, Based on the reasonable factors of the program control of the extraterritorial investigation, the author puts forward the concrete measures to improve the program control of the investigation right in China. In this paper, the author holds that the control of the investigation power has the theoretical basis of its existence. The force of the investigation power, the initiative and the unilateral nature, The essential attributes such as the expansivity and the inviolability and the secrecy decide that the operation must be regulated by the due process. Due to the principle of due process and the principle of mandatory investigation, it is required to use the mandatory investigative measures in the process of investigation to meet the physical requirements and the procedural requirements of the law. The control of the investigation right in our country should adhere to the following concepts: to guarantee the criminal suspect, The basic rights of the victims and the public are to guarantee the benign operation of the investigation right, to highlight the basic and original status of the investigation right, and to balance the power limit and the free cutting amount. In this paper, the status and practice of the control of the control of the investigation power are discussed and analyzed, and from the present legal provisions, the control program of the present investigation power is mainly based on the internal control. The examination and supervision of the procuratorial organ is the subsidiary, and the other control forms are the complementary program control mechanism. The internal control of the investigative organ and the supervision procedure of the procuratorial organ have a certain control effect and present a new characteristic. This paper analyzes the defects of the program control of the investigation power in China. Prosecutorial supervision is weak, and the procedural sanction is still defective. There are many defects in the control procedure of the specific authority of the investigation right, such as the examination of the right of the case and the random nature of the supervision procedure, the right of investigation and interrogation in the non-custodial state is not regulated, and the search right is in the form of approval. In this paper, the author puts forward some suggestions to improve the program control of the investigation right in our country. In this paper, we put forward the reform thought and the concrete improvement measures to perfect the control of the procedure of investigation in our country. The whole thinking is to accelerate the formation of the concept of justice and justice of the procedure, to build a procedure for the review of the proceedings, to establish a procedural sanction system and to strengthen the procedure of the investigation of the right of prosecution.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2
本文编号：2496365
[Abstract]:This paper intends to study the control of the criminal investigation right of the public security organ from the point of view of program control. The amendment of the Criminal Procedure Law in 2012 has strengthened the control of the investigation right of the public security organ through the perfection of the rule of the exclusion of the illegal evidence, but from the discussion of the academic circle and the judicial practice, In order to ensure the effective control of the benign operation of the investigation power, the basic right of the criminal suspect is still a problem to be solved in the criminal procedure. The "To push forward the reform of the litigation system centered on the trial" of the 18th CPC Central Committee of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) put forward new requirements on the control of In the background of judicial reform, it is of practical significance to perfect the procedure control of the investigation right in our country. The program control of the investigation right means that the public security organ must be subject to the restriction and guarantee of the legal procedure and due process in the exercise of the investigation power. The contents of the investigation power of the public security organs of our country are extensive, but based on the necessity and feasibility of program control and the problems that arise in the judicial practice, this paper focuses on the right of filing, the right of interrogation, the right to search and the right of right of investigation. This paper is based on the judicial practice, through the investigation and visit to know the health of the investigation right of the public security organ, and on the premise of clear the current situation and the defect of the control of the investigation right, Based on the reasonable factors of the program control of the extraterritorial investigation, the author puts forward the concrete measures to improve the program control of the investigation right in China. In this paper, the author holds that the control of the investigation power has the theoretical basis of its existence. The force of the investigation power, the initiative and the unilateral nature, The essential attributes such as the expansivity and the inviolability and the secrecy decide that the operation must be regulated by the due process. Due to the principle of due process and the principle of mandatory investigation, it is required to use the mandatory investigative measures in the process of investigation to meet the physical requirements and the procedural requirements of the law. The control of the investigation right in our country should adhere to the following concepts: to guarantee the criminal suspect, The basic rights of the victims and the public are to guarantee the benign operation of the investigation right, to highlight the basic and original status of the investigation right, and to balance the power limit and the free cutting amount. In this paper, the status and practice of the control of the control of the investigation power are discussed and analyzed, and from the present legal provisions, the control program of the present investigation power is mainly based on the internal control. The examination and supervision of the procuratorial organ is the subsidiary, and the other control forms are the complementary program control mechanism. The internal control of the investigative organ and the supervision procedure of the procuratorial organ have a certain control effect and present a new characteristic. This paper analyzes the defects of the program control of the investigation power in China. Prosecutorial supervision is weak, and the procedural sanction is still defective. There are many defects in the control procedure of the specific authority of the investigation right, such as the examination of the right of the case and the random nature of the supervision procedure, the right of investigation and interrogation in the non-custodial state is not regulated, and the search right is in the form of approval. In this paper, the author puts forward some suggestions to improve the program control of the investigation right in our country. In this paper, we put forward the reform thought and the concrete improvement measures to perfect the control of the procedure of investigation in our country. The whole thinking is to accelerate the formation of the concept of justice and justice of the procedure, to build a procedure for the review of the proceedings, to establish a procedural sanction system and to strengthen the procedure of the investigation of the right of prosecution.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2
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