“一国”整全“两制”——以基本法解释制度构建为例看作为整全原则的“一国两制”

发布时间：2018-05-13 13:43

本文选题：“一国两制” + 整全原则　；参考：《浙江学刊》2015年05期

【摘要】："一国两制"原则,除了是统一原则和维持原则外,更是一项要求"两制"在并存前提下进而融合成"一国"之体系的整全原则。唯有整全,才有"两制"之间的互解互融,才有法律意义上的"一国"。围绕香港普选问题密集出现相关事件表明,迫切需要在整全原则的层面发掘"一国两制"原则的内涵。香港回归十八年来,与选举问题乱象频增不同,基本法解释的"两制"的磨合,呈现出对人大释法的敏感心理不断降低的良性迹象,后者或许可以给前者及其他问题提供启发。基于整全原则,基本法解释制度的前提性组成部分,首先是全国性法律解释制度的基本框架,全国人大常委会据此在法律解释中居于核心地位;在此基础上基本法第158条的规范内涵可描述为:对于基本法所有条款,全国人大常委会享有完整性解释权;对于自治范围内的条款:香港特区法院经授权解释;对于中央人民政府管理的事务或中央和香港特区关系的条款:常委会与香港特区法院有条件地共享解释权。
[Abstract]:The principle of "one country, two systems" is not only a unified principle and maintenance principle, but also a whole principle that requires the integration of "two systems" into a system of "one country". Only the integration of the "two systems" can be integrated into the "one country" in the legal sense. The connotation of the principle of "one country, two systems" should be excavated at the level of the whole principle. In the past eighteen years, Hongkong's return to the issue of elections has been different, and the "two systems" explained by the basic law show a benign sign of the decreasing sensitive psychology of the interpretation of the people's Congress. The latter may provide inspiration for the former and other problems. The basic framework of the national legal interpretation system is the basic framework of the basic law interpretation system, and the National People's Congress Standing Committee holds the core position in the legal interpretation. On this basis, the normative connotation of the 158th articles of the basic law can be described as: the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress enjoys the integrity interpretation right to all the basic law. For the terms of autonomy: the court of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region is authorized to explain; the provisions on the affairs managed by the Central People's government or the relations between the central government and the Hongkong Special Economic Zone: the Standing Committee and the court of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region share the right of interpretation conditionally.

【作者单位】：浙江大学光华法学院;2011计划司法文明协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家2011计划司法文明协同创新中心研究成果笔者主持的国家社科基金青年项目“全国人大常委会监督权行使机制研究”(10CFX005) 中国法学会部级法学研究课题“法学研究方法创新研究——宪法学方法论的特殊性视角的研究”[CLS(2011)C07]的成果
【分类号】：D618;D921;D921.9

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