非民族自治地方享受民族优惠待遇的宪法界限——兼议我国民族区域自治的性质和目标

发布时间：2019-03-26 10:49

【摘要】：我国一些非民族自治地方,享有与民族自治地方同等或类似的自治权现象,具有违宪嫌疑。非民族自治地方不能跃升至民族自治地方地位,与后者享有同等权力;其享有的民族优惠待遇具有一定的宪法界限。地方人大或政府赋予非民族自治地方以自治权内容的民族优惠待遇,源于对自治权受惠性质的普遍认同,以及对自治权不是一项专属性权力的理解。这也揭示出我国民族自治地方的自治权不同于国际社会的地方自治权,它除了自治之外还有"受惠"性质,且没有从我国统一的国家权力系统中独立出来,不是一种排他性权力。现阶段自治权重在受惠,"自治"弱之。于此相应,我国民族区域自治制度的初级发展目标是实现民族繁荣,国家扶持少数民族地区经济和文化发展;核心发展目标是民族自治,充分尊重和保障各少数民族管理本民族内部事务的权利。
[Abstract]:Some non-national autonomous areas in China enjoy the same or similar autonomy as national autonomous areas, which is suspected of unconstitutional. Non-national autonomous areas can not leapfrog to the status of national autonomous areas and enjoy the same power as the latter, and their preferential treatment of ethnic groups has certain constitutional limits. The national preferential treatment granted by the local people's Congress or government to the non-national autonomous areas with the content of self-government stems from the general recognition of the nature of the benefit of the autonomy and the understanding that the right of autonomy is not an exclusive power. This also reveals that the autonomy of our national autonomous areas is different from that of the international community. Besides autonomy, it also has the "benefit" nature and is not independent from the unified national power system of our country. It's not an exclusive power. At the present stage, the right of self-government is to benefit, and "autonomy" is weak. Accordingly, the primary development goal of our national regional autonomy system is to achieve national prosperity, and the state supports the economic and cultural development of ethnic minority areas; The core development goal is national autonomy, fully respecting and protecting the rights of ethnic minorities to manage their own internal affairs.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学行政法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“地方立法权配置的宪法模式研究”(项目编号:13CFX019)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D921;D921.8

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