“双超”型危险驾驶罪的司法适用与立法完善研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 14:07

  本文关键词：“双超”型危险驾驶罪的司法适用与立法完善研究　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 超载 超速 司法适用 规制 完善

【摘要】：借鉴醉驾入刑所取得的显著效果,基于行政规制力度不足导致超载、超速行为屡禁不止,屡屡发生交通事故这一现状,刑法对原有的危险驾驶罪进行了修改,将超载、超速行为纳入规制范畴,本文将其称为"双超"型危险驾驶罪。本文认为此类行为入罪不仅在一定程度上契合了当今犯罪化、刑罚轻缓化的立法趋势,还使得对此类行为的规制无论从行政违法到刑事犯罪,还是在刑事犯罪内部都形成了阶梯型的规制体系。但微观上仔细推敲,所谓的完整规制体系尚未形成,一方面本罪的罪状表述尚不明晰导致司法适用存在难题,另一方面两法衔接上也极不顺畅,本文针对这一点,重点对本罪的司法适用问题、立法完善问题进行探讨,以期为具体适用本罪、建立良好的规制体系提供支撑。司法适用与认定上,本文首先对本罪的犯罪构成加以分析,明确了本罪的主观方面应为故意,明确了"校车"、"旅客运输车辆"的应有范围:校车不仅包括符合校车安全标准的车辆,还包括虽不符合安全标准但实际用于校车业务的车辆;关于旅客运输的范围,应是具有营利性、交易性、有偿性的车辆,包含非法从事旅客运输的车辆在内;"严重"程度的认定标准需与行政法规定保持界限,具体认定时除依据比例外,还可设置具体人数、具体速度、路况等条件辅助认定。紧接着本文对本罪的犯罪形态、追诉时效等方面存在的诸多问题分别加以分析,并将本罪与交通肇事罪、以危险方法危害公共安全罪加以区分,使得"双超"型危险驾驶罪在司法适用上更为顺畅。在此基础之上,本文立足于行政违法与刑事犯罪的关系理论,针对现有立法的诸多缺陷,提出了对现有立法进行完善的建议:认为应首先完善行政规制内部体系,为"刑""行"对接打下良好基础;其次,应梳理超载、超速行为所包含的行为类型,实现多种行为类型规制上的"刑" "行"对接;再者,应规范刑法对超载、超速行为的入罪标准;最后从行政法到刑法设置合理的处罚阶梯,细化量刑标准,实现超载、超速行为从行政违法到刑事犯罪全面对接的规制体系。
[Abstract]:Draw lessons from the significant effect of drunk driving into the criminal law, based on the lack of administrative regulations leading to overload, overspeed behavior repeatedly prohibited, repeated traffic accidents, the criminal law on the original crime of dangerous driving has been revised. Overloaded, overspeed behavior into the scope of regulation, this article will be called "double super" type of dangerous driving crime. This article believes that this kind of behavior incrimination not only conforms to the current legislative trend of criminalization, penalty mitigation. It also makes the regulation of this kind of behavior from administrative violations to criminal offences, or in the criminal crime has formed a ladder of regulatory systems. But microscopic careful scrutiny, the so-called complete regulatory system has not yet been formed. On the one hand, the description of the crime is not clear, which leads to the problems of judicial application, on the other hand, the convergence of the two laws is also extremely unsmooth, this article focuses on the judicial application of this crime. In order to provide the support for the specific application of the crime and the establishment of a good regulatory system, this article first analyzes the criminal constitution of this crime. The subjective aspects of this crime should be intentional, "school bus", "passenger transport vehicle" should be the scope: the school bus not only includes vehicles that meet the safety standards of school buses. It also includes vehicles that do not meet safety standards but are actually used in school bus operations; With regard to the scope of passenger transport, it should be a for-profit, transactional and paid vehicle, including those illegally engaged in passenger transport; The standard of "serious" degree should be kept in line with the administrative law. In addition to the proportion, the specific number of people and the specific speed can be set. Then this article analyzes the crime form, limitation of prosecution and so on, and analyzes the crime and traffic accident crime respectively. This paper distinguishes the crime of endangering public security by dangerous method, makes the "double super" dangerous driving crime more smooth in judicial application. On this basis, this paper bases on the theory of the relationship between administrative law and criminal crime. Aiming at the defects of the existing legislation, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the existing legislation: firstly, we should perfect the internal system of administrative regulation and lay a good foundation for the docking of "punishment" and "line"; Secondly, we should sort out the behavior types included in overloading and speeding, and realize the "penalty" and "line" docking in the regulation of various behavior types. Furthermore, the criminal law should standardize the standard of the crime of overloading and speeding; Finally from the administrative law to the criminal law set up a reasonable punishment ladder, fine sentencing standards, achieve overload, speeding from the administrative law to the overall docking of criminal crime regulatory system.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D920.5;D924.3
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本文编号：1428669