犯罪构成要件理论的论争及其长远影响

发布时间：2018-01-19 12:35

本文关键词： 犯罪构成四要件说阶层论体系客观主义比较研究　出处：《政治与法律》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：近年来我国刑法学界关于犯罪构成理论的争论,触及了方法论上的体系思考这一关键问题,必将对我国刑法学的未来发展产生长远的积极影响,值得认真回顾总结。四要件说整体观察、全体性思考的方法将违法和责任混同,难以突出分析重点,且在共同犯罪、正当化事由的处理上存在明显"硬伤"。在我国刑法学中,立足于刑法客观主义立场,为降低"改革成本",防止理论建构在技术上过于繁琐,建构超越四要件、三阶层的争论且顾及实务操作便利的犯罪论体系是完全可行的,多种犯罪论体系并存的格局也属正常。无论犯罪论体系如何建构,都必须将违法和责任清晰分开,确保对客观面的判断在前,并一体地解决共犯论等其他关联问题,至于是否采用阶层论的术语则并非关键。目前国内有影响的几种主要改造方案基本上都能够满足上述要求。认识到这一点,我国刑法学者今后就不再需要有"择边站队"的潜意识,从而减少关于犯罪论体系的抽象争论,转向思考具体问题的解释妥当性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the debate on the theory of the constitution of crime in the field of criminal law in our country has touched on the key question of systematic thinking in methodology, which will have a long-term positive impact on the future development of criminal law in our country. It is worth reviewing and summing up carefully. The four elements say the whole observation, the whole thinking method will mix the law with the responsibility, it is difficult to highlight the analysis focus, and in the joint crime. In the criminal law of our country, based on the objectivism stand of criminal law, in order to reduce the "reform cost" and prevent the construction of theory is too cumbersome in technology. It is completely feasible to construct a criminal theory system that transcends the four elements, three strata of argument and takes into account the convenience of practical operation, and the coexistence pattern of various crime theory systems is normal, no matter how the crime theory system is constructed. It is necessary to clearly separate the law from the responsibility, to ensure that the judgment of the objective side is in front, and to solve other related problems such as accomplice theory as a whole. Whether or not to use the terminology of stratification is not the key. At present, several major transformation schemes with domestic influence are basically able to meet the above requirements. In the future, Chinese criminal law scholars will no longer need to have the subconscious consciousness of "choosing sides and standing in line", so as to reduce the abstract argument about the criminal theory system and turn to thinking about the proper interpretation of specific problems.
【作者单位】：清华大学法学院;
【分类号】：D924.1
【正文快照】： 犯罪构成要件理论是刑法学中的关键问题,牵一发而动全身,因此,其一直是我国刑法学界研究的热点问题。自20世纪80年代以来,我国刑法学界关于犯罪构成要件理论的争论就一直没有停止过。最近十多年来,关于犯罪论体系的争论达到了较为激烈的程度,犯罪构成四要件说(以下简称四要件

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