帮助行为的正犯化研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 05:49

本文关键词： 帮助行为正犯定型化立法重构　出处：《郑州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：帮助行为的正犯化是指,立法者根据预防犯罪和保护社会的需要,将帮助行进行单独定罪处罚的情况。这些帮助行为通常要符合以下标准:相对独立的法益侵害性、对法益的侵害达到严重程度、具备定型化特征。我国刑法中目前存在的此类犯罪包括协助组织卖淫罪、介绍贿赂罪、帮助恐怖活动罪以及帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪等。我国目前对帮助行为正犯化的理论研究十分欠缺,在立法和司法中都存在诸多问题。因此,本文将立足于我国现行刑法的规定,结合《刑法修正案(九)》最新补充规定的相关罪名,对帮助行为正犯化进行立法原理和标准,以及司法实际中的罪名认定问题进行研究。第一部分是帮助行为正犯化理论基础的研究。虽然刑事立法上已存在不少相关罪名,但仍有刑法学者对其持否定态度。大陆法系的共犯体系分为单一制和区分制,前者以扩张正犯概念为基础,后者以限制正犯概念为基础。笔者认为,我国应采取区分制体系。在二元行为无价值论下,帮助行为具有较为独立的违法性。为了避免帮助行为从属于正犯的局限性,实现刑事政策和国民预测可能性的要求,应当对符合标准的帮助行为进行正犯化。第二部分是帮助行为正犯化存在问题的探讨。就立法层面而言,我国刑法虽然存在此类立法现象,但立法者在将帮助行为正犯化时缺乏立法理念的指导。在具体立法活动中,对于什么样的帮助行为可以正犯化也没有明确标准。制定相关罪名以后,往往又造成罪名之间衔接不当,使得犯罪体系不协调。就司法层面而言,在协助组织卖淫罪和帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪等具体罪名的认定上,也存在许多法律适用问题。第三部分是帮助行为正犯化的立法重构及罪名认定。基于刑法的谦抑性,立法者在制定相关犯罪和刑罚时,应当遵循限制立法和法益保护理念。只有当帮助行为符合立法标准且确有必要时,才能进行单独定罪。在罪名确定上,也要注意各罪之间的协调。在认定协助组织卖淫罪时,应当与组织卖淫罪从犯进行区分,而且其成立和既遂不以后者为前提。在认定帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪时,其行为符合非法利用信息网络罪共同正犯的,要以后者认定。网络服务等中立的帮助行为一般不构成本罪。构成该罪所要求的“情节严重”,应当根据犯罪次数、犯罪金额或者法益侵害程度等进行综合判断。
[Abstract]:The recidivism of aiding behavior refers to the legislator's need to prevent crime and protect society. These aiding acts usually meet the following criteria: relatively independent infringement of legal interest and severity of infringement of legal interest. This kind of crime in our criminal law includes the crime of assisting the organization of prostitution and the crime of introducing bribery. The crime of helping terrorist activities and the crime of helping information network activities, etc. At present, there are many problems in legislation and judicature because of the lack of theoretical research on the principal crime of aiding behavior in our country. This article will be based on the provisions of our current criminal law, combined with the latest supplementary provisions of the Criminal Law Amendment (9) related offences, to assist the principle and standards of legislation. The first part is the research on the theoretical basis of helping the behavior commit the crime. Although there are many related crimes in the criminal legislation. However, some criminal scholars still hold a negative attitude towards it. The accomplice system in the continental law system is divided into a single system and a differentiated system. The former is based on the concept of expanded principal offense, while the latter is based on the concept of restricted principal offense. In order to avoid the limitation of subordinating to the principal offender, the help behavior has a relatively independent illegality. In order to avoid the limitation that the helping behavior belongs to the principal offender, we should adopt the distinguishing system. In order to realize the possibility of criminal policy and national prediction, we should commit the crime of aiding behavior in accordance with the standard. The second part is the discussion of the problems in the criminal policy and the possibility of national prediction. As far as legislation is concerned. Although there is this kind of legislation phenomenon in criminal law of our country, the legislator lacks the guidance of legislative idea in the process of committing the principal crime of helping behavior, and in the specific legislative activities. There is no clear standard for what kind of helping behavior can be committed. After the establishment of related charges, it often leads to improper convergence between the charges, which makes the criminal system uncoordinated. As far as the judicial level is concerned. In the assistance organization prostitution crime and help information network crime crime and so on specific crime confirmation. There are also many problems in the application of the law. The third part is to help the legislative reconstruction of the act of committing crimes and the identification of charges. Based on the modesty of criminal law, legislators in the formulation of related crimes and penalties. We should follow the concept of restriction legislation and legal interest protection. Only when the aiding behavior meets the legislative standards and is really necessary, can we make a separate conviction. Attention should also be paid to the coordination between the various crimes. When determining the crime of assisting the organization of prostitution, it should be distinguished from the accessory to the crime of organizing prostitution. And its establishment and not the latter as the premise. In the determination of the crime of helping the information network criminal activities, its behavior is in line with the illegal use of information network crime joint principal crime. The latter should be used to determine that the neutral aiding behavior, such as network service, does not generally constitute this crime. The "serious circumstances" required by the crime should be based on the number of times of the crime. The amount of crime or the degree of infringement of legal interests shall be judged synthetically.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D924.3

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