未成年人刑事被害预防保护研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 12:45

本文关键词： 未成年人刑事被害保护预防　出处：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：针对被害人的研究始于二十世纪四五十年代，被害人学并非是对被害人的责难或为犯罪人开脱罪责，而是从被害人角度研究如何有效减少和控制犯罪，这是本文的基本立场。未成年刑事被害人作为被害人学中的重要研究对象，，需要深入理论研究和实证探索。本文通过对未成年刑事被害人类型、刑事被害现象、发展趋势和原因的分析，并在适当借鉴国外未成年刑事被害预防保护的理论和实践基础上，对我国未成年人刑事被害预防保护提出对策。第一部分为未成年刑事被害人概述。具体从被害人定义、被害类型、被害现状来分析未成年人刑事被害的基本问题，本文将未成年刑事被害人定义为“遭受犯罪行为或其他违法行为侵害的不满18周岁的人”，并从理论分类和司法实践分类角度，阐述了不同分类的未成年刑事被害人，同时具体介绍了三类未成年刑事被害人的被害现状，即被性侵未成年人、被虐待未成年人和被拐卖儿童类，以此深入探讨未成年刑事被害人面临的研究困境。第二部分为未成年人刑事被害原因。首先，原因总论上，包括从心理原因、家庭学校原因和社会原因来分析，研究未成年人易于刑事被害的普遍性；其次，分别对三类不同未成年人刑事被害原因进行具体分析，以期揭示不同类型的未成年人刑事被害的特殊性。第三部分为未成年人刑事被害预防和保护对策。此为本文重点探讨内容。首先通过对我国目前未成年人保护现状的介绍，并在借鉴国外预防未成年人被害和保护未成年人经验措施的基础上，从法律法规、社会保护、国家层面建立起预防未成年人被害的防线，全方位保护被害未成年人的合法权益。总之，本文旨在分析未成年人被害现状、被害原因，结合国内外保护未成年人的措施和经验，提出构建预防未成年人被害体系和保护性对策的设想。
[Abstract]:The research on the victim began in 20th century and 1950s. The victim study is not to blame the victim or to exonerate the criminal, but to study how to effectively reduce and control the crime from the perspective of the victim. This is the basic position of this paper. Juvenile criminal victims as an important object of study in victim science, need in-depth theoretical research and empirical exploration. Based on the analysis of the development trend and the reasons, and on the basis of the theory and practice of the prevention and protection of juvenile criminal victimization in foreign countries, the countermeasures are put forward for the prevention and protection of juvenile criminal victimization in our country. The first part is an overview of juvenile criminal victims. Specifically from the definition of victims, the types of victims, the status quo of victimization to analyze the basic issues of juvenile criminal victimization. This article defines the minor criminal victim as "the person under 18 years of age who has been infringed by criminal act or other illegal act", and classifies from the angle of theory and judicial practice. Elaborated the different classification minor criminal victim, at the same time introduced three kinds of minor criminal victim's present situation concretely, namely the sexual assault minor, the abused minor and the child trafficking class. In order to explore the plight of juvenile criminal victims. The second part is the causes of criminal victimization of minors. First, the general analysis of the causes, including psychological reasons, home and school reasons and social reasons to analyze the universality of minors prone to criminal victimization; Secondly, the causes of criminal victimization of three kinds of minors are analyzed in order to reveal the particularity of different types of juvenile criminal victimization. The third part is the prevention and protection of juvenile criminal victimization. This is the focus of this paper. First of all, through the introduction of the current situation of the protection of minors in China. And on the basis of using the experience of foreign countries to prevent minors from being killed and protecting minors, the defense line of preventing minors from being victimized is established from the aspects of laws and regulations, social protection and national level. The legal rights and interests of the minors who have been killed shall be protected in all directions. In a word, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the present situation and the causes of minors' victimization, combine the measures and experiences of protecting minors at home and abroad, and put forward the idea of constructing the system of preventing minors from being murdered and the protective countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924;D922.183

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