网络诽谤定罪问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 07:18

本文关键词： 网络诽谤犯罪构成定罪标准　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：党的十八大提出了加快推进法治社会的总体要求，法治作为社会建设的应有之义，理应通过对包括网络诽谤在内的一系列违法犯罪行为进行规范，从而惩恶扬善，伸张正义，促进社会公平与正义。而同时一个不可忽视的现象是，网络诽谤伴生在网络这一现代化信息载体上，通过幕后的操控，正以风起云涌之势，在现代信息社会快速扩散开来，对受害人名誉权造成了伤害，对整个社会的正常秩序造成了破坏。基于此，本文对网络诽谤的定罪问题进行研究，在归集理论、分析现状的基础上，提出相应的刑法规范提升对策，促进我国法治社会与和谐社会的协同发展。本文首先通过对美国、俄罗斯、欧盟在网络诽谤刑法规制方面的一些好的经验和做法的借鉴和启示，然后结合网络诽谤罪构成的相关理论，包括网络诽谤罪的概念、特征、成因、危害，力求还原网络诽谤罪当前在我国的发展现状，以及下一步的发展方向。网络诽谤当发展到一定阶段，需要从刑法角度来规范时，应该严格遵循网络诽谤罪的构成要件，从犯罪主体、客体、主观方面、客观方面来准确界定，特别是针对“情节严重”、“严重危害社会秩序和国家利益”等犯罪客观方面的认定，要严格依据法条来对照检查，，重点要将网络诽谤罪与言论自由、舆论监督、民事侵权等，进行刑法意义上的界限甄别，确保网络诽谤罪定罪准确，界限明晰，规范有序。总体来说，我国现行《刑法》和2013年9月最高人民法院和最高人民检察院联合发布了《关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》，对网络诽谤罪规范得较为具体。但由于网络和诽谤的双重现实特点，再加上当前我国经济、社会发展实际，网络诽谤罪在司法实践中还存在一定的刑法困境，主要表现在入罪标准仍然有一些不确定，司法执行及取证存在的一定困难，自诉与公诉存在一定的混同等，因此需要我国从完善立法、加强司法角度，进一步细化和深化名誉权的内涵，规范认定“情节严重”、“严重危害社会秩序和国家利益”的法律界限，处理好自诉与公诉程序的司法应用，科学制定具体的量刑标准，明确司法鉴定和犯罪管辖地，进一步提高执行效率和效益，进而保障网络诽谤受害人能够及时得到公平、公正、合理、合法的法律救济，促进网络诽谤罪在法律的轨道上规范运作和发展。
[Abstract]:The 18 National Congress of the Party put forward the overall requirements for speeding up the advancement of a society ruled by law. As a necessary part of social construction, the rule of law should be regulated through the regulation of a series of illegal and criminal acts, including network libel, so as to punish the evil and promote the good and uphold justice. Promoting social equity and justice. At the same time, a phenomenon that cannot be ignored is that Internet libel is accompanied by the network, a modern information carrier. Through the behind-the-scenes manipulation, it is spreading rapidly in the modern information society with the trend of surging clouds and winds. It has done harm to the victim's right of reputation and damaged the normal order of the whole society. Based on this, this paper makes a study on the conviction of network libel, and on the basis of the theory of collection and analysis of the present situation, To promote the harmonious development of the society ruled by law and the harmonious society, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures for the promotion of criminal law norms. This article first through the United States, Russia, the European Union in the network libel criminal law regulation some good experience and the enlightenment, then unifies the network libel crime constitution related theory, including the network libel crime concept, the characteristic. Cause of formation, harm, try to restore the current status of Internet libel in our country, as well as the next development direction. When the network libel develops to a certain stage and needs to be standardized from the angle of criminal law, it should strictly follow the constitutive elements of the crime of network libel, and define accurately from the subject, object, subjective and objective aspects of the crime. In particular, with regard to the determination of objective aspects of crimes such as "serious circumstances", "serious harm to social order and national interests" and so on, it is necessary to strictly compare and check in accordance with the provisions of the law, with emphasis on libel and freedom of speech, supervision by public opinion, civil tort, and so on. In the criminal law sense, the boundary is screened to ensure the conviction of network libel is accurate, the boundary is clear and the norm is orderly. In general, In September 2013, the Supreme people's Court and the Supreme people's Procuratorate jointly issued the interpretation of some legal issues applicable to criminal cases such as the use of information networks to carry out libel. But due to the dual reality of Internet and libel, In addition, the current economic and social development of our country, network libel in judicial practice, there are still some difficulties in criminal law, mainly in the standard of incrimination is still some uncertainty, judicial execution and the existence of certain difficulties in obtaining evidence. There is a certain mix of private prosecution and public prosecution, so we need to perfect legislation, strengthen the judicial angle, further refine and deepen the connotation of the right of reputation. Standardizing the legal limits of "serious circumstances" and "seriously endangering social order and national interests", handling the judicial application of private prosecution and public prosecution procedures, scientifically formulating specific sentencing standards, and defining the jurisdictions for judicial identification and criminal jurisdiction, Further improve the efficiency and effectiveness of implementation, and then ensure that the victims of network libel can get fair, just, reasonable and legal legal relief in time, and promote the operation and development of network libel on the track of law.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.34

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