我国刑法中“恐怖主义”概念辨析

发布时间：2018-02-15 23:27

本文关键词： 恐怖主义恐怖主义犯罪理念　出处：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“恐怖主义”这一概念虽被广泛用于新闻媒体、外交词令之中,但在学说著作之中,“恐怖主义”却是一个模糊的概念。到目前为止,“恐怖主义”在各大词典、国际条约、世界各国法案、以及国内外学者的相关论述之中有多种定义,实际上这些定义的内容都大同小异,总结起来无非四种观点:一,“行为说”,将“恐怖主义”认定为一种行为或活动;二,“理念说”,认为“恐怖主义”是一种思潮、理念;三,混合说,即综合“行为说”与“理念说”的观点:认为“恐怖主义”既是一种行为又是一种思潮、理念;四,模糊处理说,不明确表明“恐怖主义”的性质,通过侧面表述“恐怖主义”的特征界定其定义。通过分析可知“行为说”、“混合说”、“模糊处理说”有着必然的缺陷,只有“理念说”才是最为正确的理论。“理念说”的合理性原因有四:第一,“主义”一词本身就是理念、主张的意思;第二,“理念说”更符合我国打击恐怖主义犯罪的趋势;第三,将“恐怖主义”视作理念更能保证刑法条文的统一性。第四“理念说”更符合我国《刑法》打击恐怖主义犯罪的现实需要。我国《刑法修正案(九)》首次引入了“恐怖主义”、“极端主义”的概念,因此确定“恐怖主义”的定义是《刑法修正案(九)》的现实要求,是罪刑法定原则的必然要求,同时也是研究“恐怖主义”所有问题的逻辑起点。《中华人民共和国反恐怖主义法》规定了“恐怖主义”的定义,但是该定义属于“混合说”,所以该定义不仅有“混合说”的缺陷,同时也有“行为说”的缺陷,且该定义与《刑法》中的反恐条文存在着衔接不足的问题,因此,有必要对《刑法》中“恐怖主义”的概念重新认定。“理念说”下“恐怖主义”定义是指:通过制造恐怖追求政治目的的一种思想理念。
[Abstract]:Although the concept of "terrorism" is widely used in the news media and in diplomatic statements, "terrorism" is a vague concept in doctrinal works. So far, "terrorism" has been used in dictionaries and international treaties. There are many definitions in the bills of various countries around the world, as well as in the relevant expositions of scholars at home and abroad. In fact, the content of these definitions is much the same. To sum up, there are only four viewpoints: first, "behavior theory", which defines "terrorism" as an act or activity; second, "idea theory", which regards "terrorism" as a trend of thought, an idea; and third, mixed theory. That is, from the viewpoint of synthesizing the theory of "behavior" and "theory of ideas": it is considered that "terrorism" is both an act and a trend of thought; fourth, the theory of fuzzy treatment does not clearly indicate the nature of "terrorism". By analyzing the characteristics of "terrorism", we can see that "behavior theory", "mixed theory" and "fuzzy treatment theory" have certain defects. Only "theory of idea" is the most correct theory. There are four reasons for the rationality of "theory theory": first, the word "doctrine" itself is the meaning of idea, the second, "theory theory" is more in line with the trend of cracking down on the crime of terrorism in our country; Third, To regard "terrorism" as an idea can better ensure the unity of the articles of criminal law. The idea of "4th" "is more in line with the practical needs of our country's Criminal Law to fight against terrorist crimes." the amendment of the Criminal Law (9) was introduced for the first time. The concept of "terrorism", "extremism", Therefore, determining the definition of "terrorism" is a realistic requirement of the Criminal Law Amendment (9), and is an inevitable requirement of the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime. It is also a logical starting point for studying all issues of "terrorism". The Anti-Terrorism Law of the people's Republic of China provides a definition of "terrorism". But this definition belongs to "mixed theory", so it has not only the defect of "mixed theory", but also the defect of "behavior theory". It is necessary to redefine the concept of "terrorism" in the Criminal Law.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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