受贿罪的量刑研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 10:30

本文选题：受贿罪　切入点：量刑情节　出处：《河北经贸大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贪污贿赂犯罪是一个历史性、全球性的问题，是当今世界各国所共同面临的严峻挑战之一。在贪污贿赂罪中，受贿罪的犯罪率占有绝对比例，并且危害严重，不仅威胁国家政权的安危，，玷污职务廉洁性，还严重扰乱社会秩序和经济环境。目前，我国正处于经济转型和社会改革时期，腐败现象较为严重，大案要案层出不穷，人民对于腐败问题深恶痛绝。面对现实的反腐需要与高涨的反腐舆论，我国不论是从体制上还是司法上都加大了反腐力度，中央在部署2013年反腐败工作要求时提出要“强化对权力运行的制约和监督”并“推进反腐倡廉法规制度建设”。在政府的高度重视之下我国的反腐败工作取得了较大进展，但同时也暴露出许多新的问题。特别是由于受贿罪立法上的缺陷和司法中的疏漏，导致受贿罪的量刑很不规范，具体表现为一些个案的量刑失衡问题十分严重。量刑失衡不仅违背罪行相适应的刑法基本原则，不能很好地实现刑罚对犯罪人的惩罚与教育作用，而且将很大程度上影响法律的权威性和可预期性，损害刑法公平正义的基本价值。关于受贿罪的量刑问题，国外一些国家：例如美国和日本，以及中国香港和台湾地区的考察开展时间比较早并且研究深入，在该领域的研究处于比较先进和成熟的阶段，既有先进的立法模式又积累了丰富的司法判例可供参考，其中有很多有益之处值得我们学习。关于量刑规范化问题我国司法机关也做出了许多有益的探索。分别由两高三部和最高人民法院制定的《关于规范量刑程序若干问题的意见（试行）》、《人民法院量刑指导意见（试行）》于2010年10月1日起开始在全国法院全面试行。结合腐败犯罪的高发态势和量刑规范化改革这一背景，本文对受贿罪的量刑问题进行了研究分析。通过简介美国和日本以及香港、台湾地区的受贿罪量刑制度，分析我国当前受贿罪量刑中存在的一些不规范问题，从而在实体立法和程序构建等方面提出自己的建议和设想。本文除引言和结论外，正文共分为三部分：第一部分：国内外受贿罪量刑制度的比较与评述。在受贿罪的量刑研究方面，国内外一些国家和地区的先进立法经验给了我们很多有益的启示，本文选择了美国、日本这两个较具代表性的英美法系国家和大陆法系国家以及中国的香港、台湾地区进行比较分析，对于我国受贿罪量刑的立法体制建立和立法理念的更新具有重要的借鉴意义。比如犯罪情节必要的扩充、增加罚金刑与资格刑的适用、没收财产制度的完善等等。第二部分：我国现今受贿罪量刑中存在的问题。基于我国受贿罪的立法现状，并结合《人民法院量刑指导意见》（试行）》以及热点案例来探究我国受贿罪量刑的立法缺陷和制度缺失。主要分析了司法实践中存在的比照贪污罪量刑不合理、量刑失衡等严重问题的表现及产生原因。从“同罪不同罚”现象普遍、减刑处罚幅度过大、法定和酌定量刑情节认定宽泛、缓刑适用率偏高这几个方面具体分析论述了在受贿罪量刑中亟待解决的问题。第三部分：完善我国受贿罪量刑制度的构思。在总结国外立法经验的基础上结合我国现实国情，从完善受贿罪的相关立法内容、重构受贿罪量刑标准以及规范受贿罪量刑情节的适用这三个方面提出构建我国受贿罪量刑制度的思考与意见。最终实现在立法上确立以犯罪情节为中心的受贿罪量刑标准，并严格规范各种从重或从轻、减轻情节的适用；在司法上，配合受贿罪量刑指导意见与典型案例指导制度，共同推进受贿罪的量刑规范化的改革进程。
[Abstract]:The crime of corruption and bribery is a historical and global problem, is one of the serious challenges faced by every country in the world. In the crime of corruption and bribery, the absolute proportion of the crime of bribery, and serious harm, not only a threat to state safety, smear clean duty, also seriously disrupted social order and economic environment at present, our country is in economic transformation and social reform period, corruption is more serious, major cases of corruption for people emerge in an endless stream, hated. Face the reality of the anti-corruption needs and rising corruption of public opinion, our country no matter from the system or judicial have increased anti-corruption efforts, in 2013 the central deployment of anti-corruption work when "we must strengthen the restriction and supervision of power operation and promote the construction of anti-corruption laws and regulations". Under the government attaches great importance to China's anti-corruption Failure has made great progress, but also exposed many new problems. Especially due to the bribery crime legislative defects and judicial oversight, resulting in the crime of bribery sentencing is not standardized, the problem of unbalance of sentencing specific performance for some cases is very serious. The basic principles of criminal law sentencing not only violates crime to adapt and can not achieve a good effect of punishment and education punishment of criminals, and will largely affect the authority of the law and can be expected, the basic value of criminal justice damage.
The problems on the crime of bribery, in some foreign countries such as the United States and Japan, relatively early and in-depth study and investigation of China Hongkong and Taiwan area to carry out time, research in this field is relatively advanced and mature stage, both the advanced legislative model and accumulated rich judicial precedent for reference, including there are many advantages worth learning.
On the standardization of sentencing the judicial organs of China has made a lot of useful exploration. Were formulated by two senior department and the Supreme People's court "on the norms of sentencing procedure questions (Trial) >, < People's court sentencing guidelines (Trial) > began a full trial in the country on October 1, 2010. The court with the background of the crime of corruption tendency and sentencing reform, analyzed the problem of sentencing of bribery. The introduction of the United States and Japan as well as Hongkong, the Taiwan area of bribery sentencing system, analysis of China's current bribery crime exists in some non-standard problems, resulting in the substantive legislation and procedure construction etc. put forward the suggestions and ideas of their own. Besides the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into three parts:
The first part: comparison and review of domestic and foreign bribery sentencing. Sentencing of bribery crime in some countries and regions, the domestic and foreign advanced legislative experience gave us a lot of inspiration, this paper chose the United States, the Anglo American law system countries and civil law countries, Japan the two representative and China the comparative analysis of Hongkong, Taiwan area, is of great significance to China's legislative system of bribery sentencing establishment and legislative idea renewal. For example, the circumstances of the crime the necessary expansion, increase the application of fine penalty and qualification penalty of confiscation of property system and so on.
The second part: the present existing problems in the bribery crime. The legislation of bribery crime in our country based on combining the "people's court sentencing guidelines (Trial) > > and hot case to explore China's sentencing of bribery legislation defects and lack of system. The main analysis of the existing in the judicial practice of sentencing by corruption the crime is not reasonable, and causes serious problems such as the imbalance of sentencing performance. From the" same crime different penalty "phenomenon, commutation punishment is too large, the statutory and discretionary circumstances of sentencing as broad, probation for the high rate of these aspects concretely analyzes and discusses the problems to be solved in the bribery crime sentencing issues.
The third part: the perfection of bribery sentencing system in China. Based on summarizing the conception of foreign legislative experience combined with China's actual conditions, from the relevant contents of the legislation of crime of accepting bribes, bribery and reconstruction of sentencing standards applicable norms of bribery sentencing the three aspects put forward thinking and advice to build bribery sentencing system in the final realization of the circumstances of the crime. As the center of the bribery crime sentencing standards in legislation, and strictly regulate the heavier or lighter, mitigating circumstances; in judicial practice, with bribery sentencing guidelines and typical case guidance system, the standardized sentencing reform process to jointly promote the crime of bribery.

【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.1

【引证文献】