电信诈骗犯罪的实践难题及解决

发布时间：2018-03-06 10:03

本文选题：电信诈骗　切入点：处分意识　出处：《辽宁大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电信诈骗犯罪是一种区别于传统诈骗罪的新型诈骗犯罪，其针对不特定对象实施诈骗行为，采用非接触的方式，信息传播工具和新的支付方式的使用，诈骗手段的不断更新，不易识别，给实践中此类犯罪的认定带来了困难，也对传统诈骗罪的相关理论产生了一定冲击。本文立足相关典型案例，对案例进行对比分析，得出一系列的实践难题，通过对学界相关理论争议的梳理和评析，得出解决实践难题的思路，希望能够对实践中电信诈骗犯罪的认定提供帮助。本文分为五个部分：第一部分是电信诈骗犯罪的“处分意识”问题。此部分通过两个典型案例的对比，引出实践中认定电信诈骗犯罪是否必须具备处分意识的问题。对相关理论争议进行梳理和比较，认为处分意识缓和说不适用于电信诈骗犯罪，处分意识不要说与必要说不存在根本对立，通过对处分意识不要说的反驳，得出成立电信诈骗犯罪仍需具备处分意识，要求被骗者至少对处分的财物的外形具有认识，进而与盗窃罪区分开来。第二部分是电信诈骗犯罪数额认定问题。首先，由案例引出电信诈骗犯罪数额的认定依据问题，通过分析认为电信诈骗犯罪突破了传统诈骗罪纯正数额犯的本质，一定程度上具有情节犯的地位。认定时要考虑数额能够查证、难以查证以及一部分难以查证三种情况，处理好数额和拨打电话、发送短信数量的关系。其次，对电信诈骗犯罪各共同犯罪人数额认定标准进行探讨，分析相关争议，得出应以实际损失数额为标准，再综合考虑各共同犯罪人在电信诈骗犯罪中的地位和作用。第三部分是电信诈骗犯罪未遂形态问题。首先，通过对电信诈骗犯罪既遂与未遂区分标准的理论争议进行整合和分析，认为区分既遂与未遂，应以被害人的法益是否受到侵害为标准。电信诈骗犯罪的既遂在于被骗者是否丧失了对财物的控制，因此应以“失控说”作为电信诈骗犯罪既遂与未遂的区分标准。其次，探讨电信诈骗犯罪未遂形态的处罚问题。具体分析了电信诈骗犯罪未遂的种类、未遂作为量刑情节的处罚问题以及既有既遂又有未遂情况的处罚问题，认为应以既遂部分的数额选择法定刑，未遂部分作为量刑情节考虑。第四部分是电信诈骗犯罪帮助犯问题。首先，由案例引出职业化提供手机改号服务的帮助行为能否构成电信诈骗犯罪的帮助犯，对相关争议的分析，认为如果职业化帮助行为的提供者对电信诈骗犯罪的法益侵害结果贡献了原因力，将有无帮助行为的情况进行对比，对结果产生重大变更，，同时能够推定帮助者对行为人实施电信诈骗犯罪具有认识，即可认定为电信诈骗犯罪的帮助犯。其次，对电信运营商能否成立帮助犯进行探讨，认为其在一定范围内能够成立帮助犯。赋予其在特定时段进行整体巡视的义务和对异动的特别注意义务，电信运营商在明知出现异动仍不采取行动的情况下，应当构成帮助犯，承担相应责任。第五部分是冒充国家机关工作人员实施电信诈骗行为的认定问题。此部分由典型案例引发冒充国家机关工作人员实施电信诈骗行为的定性争议，通过对学界争议的讨论，认为诈骗罪与招摇撞骗罪之间不存在交叉关系，冒充国家机关工作人员实施电信诈骗的行为不属于法条竞合行为，而认为该行为属于诈骗罪与招摇撞骗罪的想象竞合犯，从一重处断。
[Abstract]:Telecommunications fraud is a new type of fraud crime is different from the traditional crime of fraud, the fraud behavior for a particular object, using non-contact method, using information dissemination tools and new means of payment, fraud means constantly updated, not easily identified, difficult to identify such crimes in practice, also have a certain impact on the traditional theory of the crime of fraud. Based on the typical case, the comparative analysis of the case, the practice of a series of problems, based on the academic theories Dispute Review and analysis, draw the ideas to solve practical problems, hope to provide help for identification of telecommunications fraud in the practice of this paper. Is divided into five parts:
The first part is the telecommunications fraud disposal "consciousness" in this part. Through the comparison of two typical cases, leads to determining whether the telecom fraud crime must have the consciousness disposition problem in practice. Analysis and comparison of the relevant theoretical controversies that consciousness does not apply to ease sanctions that telecommunications fraud, punishment consciousness don't say no there is a fundamental contradiction and necessary, through the punishment consciousness not said that the establishment of telecommunications fraud that is needed to dispose of consciousness, cheated at least on disciplinary requirements of property and shape has the understanding, and theft to distinguish.
The second part is the problem of telecommunications fraud amount of crime identified. Firstly, the basis for determining problem of telecommunications fraud amount by the case, through the analysis of telecommunications fraud to break the traditional crime of fraud crime of amount of pure essence, has made the status of the plot to a certain extent. That should be considered to verify the amount of time, and the difficult part is difficult to verify check three, handle the amount and call, send SMS number relationship. Secondly, the telecommunications fraud of the common crime amount that the standards were discussed, analysis of related disputes, it should be based on the actual amount of the loss as the standard, and then considering the status and role of the common crime in telecommunications fraud.
The third part is the attempted form of telecommunications fraud problems. First, by integrating the controversial theory of standard of accomplished and attempted to distinguish between telecommunications fraud and analysis, that the accomplished and attempted to distinguish between, should be based on the victim's legal interests are infringed as standard. Telecommunications fraud crime is deceived if lost control of the property. It should be "out of control" as the standard of accomplished and attempted to distinguish between telecom fraud crime. Secondly, to investigate the punishment of telecommunications fraud attempted. Detailed analysis of the types of attempted crime of telecommunications fraud, attempted as a punishment of circumstances of sentencing and punishment is accomplished and attempted the part that should be accomplished the amount of the choice of legal punishment, attempted as part of sentencing consideration.
The fourth part is the help of telecommunications fraud crime. First, helping behavior by the case leads to occupation of mobile phone number changing service can form of telecommunications fraud accessory, analysis of related disputes, that if the occupation of helping behavior the provider of telecommunications fraud Rechtsgut offer reasons, there will be no help behavior were compared, significant changes to the results, and can help with the understanding of the presumption of the behavior of the implementation of telecommunications fraud, can be identified as the help of telecommunications fraud crime. Secondly, the telecom operators can set up to help offenders are discussed, it can help make up to within a certain range. In the specific period of overall inspection obligations and obligations to pay special attention to the transaction, telecom operators transaction doesn't act in that situation, should When you constitute a helping person, take responsibility.
The fifth part is the identification of problem posing as staff of state organs in the implementation of telecommunications fraud. This is typical case caused controversy over the nature of posing as staff of state organs in the implementation of telecommunications fraud, by discussing the academic controversy, thinks that there is no intersection between fraud and the crime of a trickster, posing as staff of state organs to implement telecommunications fraud the behavior does not belong to the law articles, and that the behavior belongs to the crime of fraud and crime of swindling the imaginative joinder of offenses, from a felony.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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