恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪认定研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 13:56

本文选题：信用卡诈骗　切入点：持卡人　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：90年代以来,信用卡在人们生活中逐渐推广使用,随之而来的利用信用卡进行诈骗的行为也层出不穷。最早,我国并没有金融类诈骗犯罪的相关罪名,此类犯罪仅作为普通诈骗犯罪处理。直到1995年,我国颁布了《关于惩治破坏金融秩序犯罪的决定》,首次明确规定了信用卡诈骗罪这一罪名。1997年刑法修订后,信用卡诈骗罪正式纳入刑法,在刑法第一百九十六条中规定了四种信用卡诈骗行为。其中,理解与认定最难的就是恶意透支行为。2009年,最高人民法院、最高人民检察院发布了《关于办理妨害信用卡管理刑事具体应用法律若干问题的解释》,在解释中对恶意透支行为的立案标准及涵义做了进一步解释。然而该解释出台后,司法实践中和学术界对于恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪的认定仍存在许多疑难问题。研究并解决这些疑难问题,对司法实践中认定和打击信用卡诈骗犯罪有着重要意义。本文通过查阅相关恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪的典型案例及学术资料,归纳了在恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪认定中出现的各种问题,并通过理论与司法实践结合分析的方法,研究问题并提出解决方法。本文的第一部分对恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪主体的认定上的三个常见问题加以探讨研究。首先,对信用卡诈骗罪中“持卡人”的理解,笔者通过对学界两种观点的对比分析,得出“持卡人”应理解为事实意义上的持卡人,包括信用卡的申领人及实际使用人。接下来,笔者通过对两个实际案例的分析对比进一步探讨了当实际使用人为恶意透支主体时,实际使用人及信用卡申领人需承担的法律责任。最后,笔者对“持卡人”为单位主体时,是否构成信用卡诈骗罪进行了探讨。虽然我国现行法律尚未规定恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪的单位犯罪,但根据实践情况及打击犯罪需要,建议未来在立法修订时加入单位犯罪。本文的第二部分对恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪主观方面的认定上的两个问题进行讨论。一是对“恶意”产生时间的探讨,通过对法条及犯罪理论的分析,可以确定“恶意”透支中“恶意”应产生在透支行为实施前或实施时。二是对司法解释中规定的几种认定“非法占有目的”的行为的理解及在司法实践中的适用进行探讨,通过对几个实际案例的分析,对司法解释的规定作了进一步的阐释。本文的第三部分对恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪客观方面的认定上的三个问题加以探讨研究。笔者先是对“恶意透支”的理论概述进行了综述,然后通过对案例的分析对司法解释中规定的“恶意透支”犯罪数额的认定进行了阐述,明确了“恶意透支”的犯罪数额仅限于透支本金这一观点。最后,笔者对恶意透支行为中的关键要素“催收”的理解与效力认定中的多个问题进行了详细的阐述和分析,明确了催收的理解应为有效催收及实践中应综合认定有效催收的观点。本文的第四部分对恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪犯罪形态的认定进行了探讨。笔者通过对学术界现有的几种既遂认定标准的分析对比,结合恶意透支型信用卡诈骗犯罪的立法原意及犯罪构成理论分析,认为既遂标准应采纳“交付及财产损失说”。同时,笔者对司法实践中是否存在恶意透支型信用卡诈骗罪的未遂形态也进行了探讨,提出自己的见解。
[Abstract]:Since 90s, the credit card in people's life gradually popularized, the use of credit card fraud with behavior also emerge in an endless stream earliest, and China has no relevant charges of financial fraud crime, the crime of fraud crime as the only treatment. Until 1995, China promulgated the "decision on punishment of Disrupting Financial Order" for the first time defined the crime, credit card fraud revised this crime in.1997 years after the criminal law, the crime of credit card fraud is formally incorporated into the criminal law, the four kinds of credit card fraud provisions in article 196th of the criminal law. Among them, the most difficult thing is to understand and identify the malicious overdraft behavior of.2009 years, the Supreme People's court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate issued on the handling of "disrupting the credit card application of law issues management of criminal interpretation", in the interpretation of the meaning and standard of filing made malicious overdraft. However, this interpretation is explained further. After the introduction of judicial practice and academic circles for the identification of malicious overdraft of credit card fraud, there are still many problems. To study and solve these problems in the judicial practice to identify and combat the crime of credit card fraud is of great significance. In this paper, through the typical case and academic materials related to malicious overdraft type of credit card fraud, summed up the various problems in the malicious overdraft credit card fraud crime, and through the theory and practice of combining with the analysis method, studies the problems and proposes solutions. In the first part of the identification of malicious overdraft credit card fraud crime on the three common problems study. First, on the crime of credit card fraud "cardholders" understanding, through comparative analysis of two kinds of academic point of view, the cardholder should Solution for the true meaning of the cardholder credit card, including the claimant and the actual use. Next, the author through the analysis and comparison of the two actual cases to further explore the use of malicious overdraft when the actual subject, legal liability and the actual use of credit card for people to bear. Finally, the author of "card" as the main unit, discussed whether the crime of credit card fraud. Although China's current law has not stipulated the unit crime of malicious overdraft of credit card fraud, but according to the practice situation and the fight against crime, the proposal did not join the unit crime in legislation. The second part of the malicious overdraft of credit the two card problem identification of the subjective aspect of crime of fraud on are discussed. One is to investigate the time of "malicious", through the analysis of the law and the theory of crime, can determine the meaning of "evil" Overdraft malicious overdraft behavior should be produced in two. Prior to the implementation or implementation of several provisions of the judicial interpretation in the cognizance of "illegal possession" behavior understanding and application in judicial practice are discussed, through the analysis of several actual cases, the judicial interpretation of the provisions made further explanation. In the third part of the malicious overdraft credit card three problems the objective determination of crime of fraud on the study. The first is an overview of the theory of "malicious overdraft" were reviewed, and then through the analysis of cases identified on the judicial interpretation of the provisions of "malicious overdraft" the amount of crime is discussed, clear the "malicious overdraft" the crime amount is limited to this view overdraft principal. Finally, the author finds the understanding and effect of key factors of the behavior of malicious overdraft in the collection "in the This paper expounds and analyzes in detail the problems, the collection should be understood should be considered effective collection of effective collection and practice. The fourth part of this article on the identification of malicious overdraft credit card fraud crime is discussed. Through the comparative analysis of the standard identification of several existing academic accomplishment the theoretical analysis, which combined with the legislative intent and the crime of malicious overdraft credit card fraud crime, that the standard of accomplishment should adopt "delivery and property loss". At the same time, the author of the existence of the attempted form of malicious overdraft credit card fraud in judicial practice are discussed, put forward their own views.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.35

【参考文献】