我国反洗钱刑事立法研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 18:18

本文选题：反洗钱　切入点：刑事立法　出处：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：经济发展的结果就是催生经济犯罪,洗钱犯罪属于经济犯罪其中一种,不仅侵害了我国的金融管理秩序,也阻碍了我国社会主义经济秩序的健康发展,洗钱犯罪作为较为严重的犯罪行为是需要极力打击的。总体来看,中国洗钱犯罪数目呈现逐年递长趋势。《第一财经日报》称,数据显示,每年从内地流至香港的黑色、灰色资金总数占香港GDP总量的10%以上,据香港特别行政区政府统计处统计,2012年香港本地生产总值(GDP)为2.04万亿港元(约合人民币1.64万亿元)。由此推算,内地仅仅经香港洗钱的资金规模就至少达到每年2000亿港元(约合人民币1605亿元)。打击洗钱犯罪除了规范金融机构的行业规范外,一大措施就是针对洗钱犯罪健全刑事立法。我国目前对洗钱犯罪及其重视,对刑法条文的—系列修改与《反洗钱法》的出台都表明了我国决定严厉打击洗钱犯罪的决心。但目前相较我国参与的国际公约,刑法中仍有很多与国际公约不相符的地方,FATF也将我国洗钱犯罪的相关规定评价为“基本合格”,这代表了我国反洗钱刑事立法仍在前进的路上。秉着国际合作的精神,为了我国自行的持续发展,我国需要尽力对反洗钱刑事立法进行修缮,构建系统完善的反洗钱法律机制,使得反洗钱活动在我国得到更有力的遏制。我国自1997年将洗钱罪正式入刑后,又经历了两次的修改,形成了具有中国特色的反洗钱刑事立法规范,但其较国际刑法规范与外国刑法规范,仍有不足之处。本文通过对国内外反洗钱刑事规范不同角度的相关分析,得出了我国反洗钱刑事规范的不足之处,进而提出了我国反洗钱形式规范的完善建议。本文的第一部分介绍了洗钱犯罪的基本情况,给大家展示了其相关概念与基本形式,最后从洗钱犯罪的刑事控制现状得出我国反洗钱刑事立法仍需完善的结果；第二部分论述我国反洗钱刑事立法的缺陷,主要是犯罪主体范围过窄、目的要件难以举证、罪过形式过于单一、犯罪行为形式不足、上游犯罪种类过少、刑罚处罚不平衡、刑事管辖有漏洞、没收措施实施苦难这几个方面；第三部分整合了国外相关的立法情况,着重分析了国外有关犯罪主体、犯罪主观方面、犯罪行为方式、上游犯罪种类、刑事处罚、刑事管辖权的一系列措施,给下文我国相关立法的完善提供了丰富的理论与实践指导；第四部分在借鉴国外相关立法的基础上针对我国相关立法的缺陷在犯罪主体、犯罪主观方面、犯罪行为方式、上游犯罪种类、刑事处罚、刑事管辖权方面提出了完善建议。本文在研究方法上将通过历史分析法全面介绍我国洗反洗钱刑事立法的发展历程：通过比较分析法对国外反洗钱刑事立法和国内开展情况进行比较研究,对比借鉴国外的先进理念和经验做法为我国反洗钱刑事立法的完善提供参考模板；运用实证分析法分析我国反洗钱制度的发展现状,理论联系实际,发现问题和阐述观点,使理论研究对象化、具体化。
[Abstract]:Economic development is the result of the birth of economic crime, the crime of money laundering crime belongs to the economic one, not only violated China's financial management order, but also hinder the healthy development of China's socialist economic order, as the crime of money laundering crime more serious is the need to strongly against. Overall, the number of the crime of money laundering has been China pass the long trend. First Financial Daily > said the data show that the annual flow from the mainland to Hongkong black, grey total funds accounted for more than 10% of the total GDP of Hongkong, according to the Hongkong Special Administrative Region Government Statistics Department, 2012 Hongkong's GDP (GDP) of HK $2 trillion and 40 billion (about 1 trillion and 640 billion yuan). This projection, the mainland only by Hongkong money laundering funds of at least $200 billion a year (about 160 billion 500 million yuan). Against money laundering crimes in addition to regulating the financial institutions industry. Fan, a major measure is to improve the criminal legislation of the crime of money laundering. At present in our country, the crime of money laundering and attention to the provisions of the criminal law amendment and a series of "Anti Money Laundering Law > has indicated that our country decided to crack down on the crime of money laundering. But compared with the international convention to China to participate in, there are still many international conventions and inconsistencies in the criminal law, FATF will also be the relevant provisions of money laundering crime in China as" basic qualified ", the representative of China's anti money laundering criminal legislation is still on the way. With the spirit of international cooperation for sustainable development, to our country, our country needs to do the repairs to the counter the money laundering criminal legislation, build perfect system of anti money laundering legal mechanism, the anti money laundering activities are stronger in China. Since 1997 China will curb money laundering formally after the penalty, and has experienced two changes, formed out There are China characteristics of anti money laundering criminal legislation, but the norms of international criminal law and foreign criminal law, there are still some deficiencies in this paper. Through the analysis of domestic and foreign anti money laundering criminal law from different angles, the deficiencies of China's anti money laundering criminal code, and then put forward the form of perfecting the norms of anti money laundering suggestions. The first part of this paper introduces the basic situation of the crime of money laundering, to show its relevant concepts and basic form, finally from the crime of money laundering criminal control situation that criminal legislation still needs to improve the results of anti money laundering in China; the second part discusses the defects of China's criminal legislation of anti money laundering, is the main subject of crime scope narrow, objective elements of hard, crime form is too single, crime form, upstream crime type is too small, the penalty is not balanced, there are loopholes in the criminal jurisdiction, confiscation measures The implementation of these third parts of suffering; related to the integration of the foreign legislation, analyzes the foreign related subject of crime, subjective aspect of crime, criminal behavior, criminal penalties, upstream crime types, a series of measures to improve the criminal jurisdiction, following our related legislation provides a rich theoretical and practical guidance in the fourth part; reference defects on the basis of foreign-related legislation for China's legislation on the subject of crime, subjective aspect of crime, criminal behavior, criminal penalties, upstream crime, criminal jurisdiction. This paper puts forward suggestions on its research methods. Through historical analysis and comprehensive introduction to the development process of China's Anti Money Laundering wash criminal legislation: through the comparative analysis of the comparative study of domestic criminal legislation and to carry out anti money laundering abroad, contrast foreign advanced ideas and Experience and practice provide a reference template for the improvement of China's anti money laundering criminal legislation. Using the empirical analysis method, we analyze the current situation of China's anti money laundering system, combine theory with practice, find problems and elaborate views, and make the theoretical research objectified and specific.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.3

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